Name of the Procedure:

Computed Tomography (CT) of the Abdomen; without Contrast Material, followed by Contrast Material(s) and further Sections

Summary

A CT scan of the abdomen takes detailed cross-sectional images of the abdomen. Initially, images are taken without contrast material, then more images are taken after contrast material is administered to help highlight various structures and abnormalities inside the abdomen.

Purpose

This procedure is used to diagnose and evaluate abdominal pain, masses, infections, inflammatory conditions, and other abdominal issues. The goal is to obtain detailed imagery that can help in diagnosing specific problems accurately.

Indications

• Unexplained abdominal pain
• Detection of masses or tumors
• Infections or abscesses
• Inflammatory diseases like appendicitis or diverticulitis
• Evaluation of kidney stones
• Follow-up on known conditions

Preparation

• Patients may be instructed to fast for a few hours prior to the procedure.
• Inform your doctor of any allergies, especially to contrast materials, iodine, or shellfish.
• Certain medications might need to be paused; follow specific guidance from your healthcare provider.
• A baseline kidney function test may be required to ensure it’s safe to use contrast material.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on a motorized table that moves through a circular CT scanner.
2. Initial images are taken without contrast to establish a baseline.
3. Contrast material is administered, usually through an intravenous (IV) line.
4. Additional images are taken after the contrast is fully circulated.
5. The patient might be asked to hold their breath for short periods to avoid blurring the images.
6. The entire process includes several scans targeting different sections of the abdomen.

Duration

The complete procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in a radiology department within a hospital or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• Radiologic technologist
• Nursing staff (for IV insertion and patient monitoring)

Risks and Complications

• Allergic reaction to contrast material (though rare)
• Slight risk of kidney damage from contrast in patients with pre-existing kidney issues
• Exposure to a low level of radiation
• Rarely, extravasation (leakage of contrast material outside the vein)

Benefits

• Detailed imagery aids in accurate diagnosis
• Non-invasive with minimal discomfort
• Quick and efficient, allowing for timely medical decisions
• Can differentiate between different types of tissue and abnormalities

Recovery

• Most patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Hydration is encouraged to help flush the contrast material from the body.
• Follow-up instructions vary based on findings and individual health conditions, typically provided by the doctor.

Alternatives

• Abdominal ultrasound: Less detailed, non-radiative alternative.
• MRI of the abdomen: Uses magnetic fields, suitable for patients allergic to contrast used in CT.
• Plain X-rays: Often used initially, but less detailed compared to CT scans.

Patient Experience

• The procedure is generally well-tolerated; some may feel cold or warm sensations when the contrast material is administered.
• Minimal discomfort during IV insertion.
• Some patients might experience mild discomfort from lying still.
• Pain management or sedation is rarely required.