Name of the Procedure:

Computed tomography, abdomen; with contrast material(s)
Common names: CT scan of the abdomen with contrast, Abdominal CT with contrast

Summary

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen with contrast involves taking detailed cross-sectional images of the abdominal area. The contrast material, which is usually injected into a vein, helps highlight blood vessels, organs, and other structures to provide clearer images.

Purpose

This procedure helps diagnose and evaluate abdominal conditions such as tumors, infections, inflammation, or trauma. The goal is to obtain precise images that aid in the accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Unexplained abdominal pain
• Suspected abdominal masses or tumors
• Abdominal injuries
• Infection and inflammation (e.g., appendicitis, pancreatitis)
• Abnormal blood vessels
• Follow-up on abnormal results from other tests (e.g., ultrasound)

Preparation

• Fasting for 4-6 hours before the procedure
• Disclosure of any allergies, especially to iodine or shellfish
• Information on current medications and kidney function
• Possible avoidance or adjustment of certain medications (e.g., metformin)

Procedure Description

1. Patient arrives and is asked to remove any metal objects.
2. An IV line is inserted for the contrast material.
3. The patient lies down on the CT table.
4. The table moves through the CT scanner, which takes multiple images.
5. The patient stays still and may be asked to hold their breath at intervals.
6. The contrast material is injected, and additional images are taken.
7. After imaging, the IV line is removed.

Duration

30 minutes to 1 hour

Setting

Hospital radiology department or outpatient imaging center

Personnel

• Radiologist
• Radiologic technologist
• Nurse (if sedation or additional medical support is needed)

Risks and Complications

• Allergic reaction to the contrast material
• Mild side effects like a warm sensation or metallic taste
• Rare complications include kidney issues or contrast-induced nephropathy
• Radiation exposure

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of abdominal conditions
• Clearer images for better treatment planning
• Quick and non-invasive

Recovery

• Usually immediate recovery without restrictions
• Hydration is encouraged to help flush out the contrast material
• Watch for any signs of allergic reaction

Alternatives

• Abdominal ultrasound: less detail but no radiation or contrast needed
• MRI: no radiation but may not be suitable for all patients (e.g., those with metal implants)
• X-ray: less detailed images

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort from IV insertion
• Sensation of warmth or a metallic taste after contrast injection
• Minimal pain, quick return to normal activities
• Provision of comfort measures like warm blankets and communication throughout the procedure