Name of the Procedure:

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan, Abdomen and Pelvis; with Contrast Material(s)

• Common name: CT Scan with Contrast
• Technical term: Computed Tomography of the Abdomen and Pelvis with Intravenous and/or Oral Contrast

Summary

A CT scan with contrast of the abdomen and pelvis uses X-rays to create detailed cross-sectional images of these body areas. Contrast material is used to highlight blood vessels, organs, and tissues for better visualization.

Purpose

This procedure helps diagnose various conditions affecting the abdomen and pelvis, such as tumors, infections, inflammations, and vascular diseases. The goal is to provide detailed images to assist in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Unexplained abdominal pain
• Suspected tumors or cancers
• Inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
• Kidney stones
• Appendicitis
• Unexplained weight loss
• Trauma to the abdomen

Preparation

• Fasting for a few hours prior to the procedure.
• Inform the doctor of any allergies, especially to contrast material or iodine.
• Possible blood tests to check kidney function.
• Removal of metallic objects and jewelry.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned on the CT scanner table.
2. Contrast material may be administered intravenously and/or orally.
3. The table moves through the CT scanner to capture multiple image slices.
4. The patient may be asked to hold their breath briefly at times to improve image quality.

Tools and Equipment: CT Scanner, Contrast Material (Intravenous and Oral) Anesthesia or Sedation: Generally not required, but sedation may be used for claustrophobic patients.

Duration

Typically, 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a radiology department of a hospital or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• CT Technologist
• Nurses (if intravenous contrast is used)

Risks and Complications

• Mild allergic reactions to contrast material (rash, itching)
• Rare severe allergic reactions (difficulty breathing, swelling)
• Kidney damage in patients with pre-existing kidney issues
• Radiation exposure, although minimal

Benefits

• Detailed and accurate images of the abdomen and pelvis.
• Quick diagnosis and treatment planning.
• Non-invasive procedure with minimal discomfort.

Recovery

• Monitoring for a short period post-procedure if intravenous contrast is used.
• Resume normal activities immediately unless instructed otherwise.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the contrast material.

Alternatives

• Ultrasound: Less detailed but no radiation exposure.
• MRI: No radiation but more time-consuming and expensive.
• Plain X-rays: Less detailed and less specific.

Patient Experience

• Possible brief discomfort from IV contrast injection.
• The sensation of warmth or metallic taste from the contrast material.
• Generally painless and involves lying still on the scanner table.
• Most patients find the procedure manageable with little to no discomfort.