Computed tomography, lower extremity; without contrast material, followed by contrast material(s) and further sections
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan of the Lower Extremities; without contrast material, followed by contrast material(s) and further sections
Summary
A CT scan of the lower extremities is an imaging procedure that uses X-rays to create detailed pictures of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissues in the legs. This scan is first performed without contrast, and then repeated using a contrast material injected into the bloodstream to enhance the visibility of structures.
Purpose
CT scanning of the lower extremities is used to diagnose injuries, infections, bone disorders, vascular diseases, or tumors in the legs. The goal is to provide a precise and detailed image that can aid in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
Indications
This procedure is indicated for patients with unexplained pain, swelling, or injury in the legs. It may also be used when there is suspicion of vascular problems, deep vein thrombosis, bone fractures that are not clear in X-rays, or tumors.
Preparation
Patients may be instructed to fast for a few hours prior to the procedure. They should inform the medical team of any medications they are taking or allergies they have, particularly to iodine-based contrast materials. Pre-procedure blood tests may sometimes be required to assess kidney function.
Procedure Description
- Preparation: The patient is positioned on the CT table, and an initial scan is done without contrast material.
- Administration of Contrast: A contrast agent is injected into a vein, usually in the arm.
- Second Scan: After allowing time for the contrast to circulate, the second scan is performed.
- Imaging: The CT scanner's X-ray beam rotates around the patient, capturing multiple images that a computer processes into cross-sectional views.
The procedure typically uses a CT scanner equipped with a rotating X-ray machine and a computer to process the images.
Duration
The entire procedure typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour.
Setting
CT scans of the lower extremities are usually performed in a hospital's radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.
Personnel
The procedure is conducted by a radiologic technologist and overseen by a radiologist. A nurse may assist with the administration of the contrast material.
Risks and Complications
Risks include exposure to radiation and potential allergies to the contrast material. Rare complications can include kidney damage or contrast-induced nephropathy. These risks are minimized with proper screening and precautions.
Benefits
CT scans provide detailed images that can help in accurately diagnosing medical conditions affecting the lower extremities, often leading to early and more effective treatment.
Recovery
Post-procedure, patients can generally resume normal activities immediately. They are advised to drink plenty of fluids to help flush the contrast material from their system. Follow-up appointments may be needed based on the findings.
Alternatives
Alternative imaging modalities include MRI, ultrasound, and standard X-rays. Each alternative has its pros and cons, such as MRIs avoiding radiation exposure but taking longer to perform, and X-rays being less detailed.
Patient Experience
During the scan, patients need to lie still and may feel a warm sensation or slight discomfort from the contrast injection. Post-procedure, they might experience mild discomfort at the injection site. Pain management and comfort measures are provided as needed.