Name of the Condition

• Common names: Personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm (NSSH)
• ICD-10 Code: Z91.52

Summary

Nonsuicidal self-harm refers to the intentional act of causing physical harm to oneself without the intention to commit suicide. It is often used as a coping mechanism for emotional distress. The code Z91.52 indicates a history of such behavior.

Causes

• Emotional distress or trauma.
• Psychiatric conditions such as depression or anxiety.
• Coping mechanisms for overwhelming emotions or stress.

Risk Factors

• Adolescence or young adulthood.
• History of mental health disorders.
• Exposure to other individuals who self-harm.
• Experience of past trauma or abuse.

Symptoms

• Visible scars, cuts, or bruises.
• Wearing long sleeves or pants to cover injuries even in hot weather.
• Possession of sharp objects without clear reason.

Diagnosis

• Primarily through psychological assessment and interviews.

• Review of medical and personal history.

  Treatment Options

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps in understanding and changing harmful behaviors.
• Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): Focuses on providing skills to manage emotions and reduce self-destructive behavior.
• Medications: For underlying issues such as depression or anxiety.
• Support groups: Offer community support and understanding.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Prognosis varies; effective therapy can lead to improvement.
• Regular follow-up appointments are crucial for monitoring mental health and preventing relapse.

Complications

• Increased risk of infection from open wounds.
• Possible progression to more severe mental health issues.
• Scarring or permanent physical damage.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Engage in healthy coping mechanisms such as exercise, journaling, or artistic pursuits.
• Build a strong support system of friends and family.
• Early intervention when emotional distress is detected.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If self-harm behavior escalates or is accompanied by suicidal thoughts.
• Unexplained injuries or behaviors suggestive of self-harm.

Additional Resources

• National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI): nami.org
• Self-Injury Outreach & Support: sioutreach.org

• Mind UK: mind.org.uk

  Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the documentation explicitly states a history of nonsuicidal self-harm.
• Distinguish between current self-harm behaviors and history when coding.
• Avoid confusion with suicidal behaviors, ensuring accurate condition representation.