Name of the Condition

• Common name: Personal history of suicidal behavior
• Technical/Medical term: Suicidal behavior history

Summary

• This condition refers to a documented history of an individual's past suicidal actions or attempts. It signals the importance of recognizing previous suicidal behaviors as a significant factor in ongoing mental health evaluation and care.

Causes

• Suicidal behavior can stem from a combination of genetic, psychological, social, and environmental factors. Mental health disorders, past trauma, major life changes, and high levels of distress are commonly associated causes.

Risk Factors

• Previous suicide attempts
• Mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, or bipolar disorder
• Substance abuse
• Family history of suicide
• Experiencing major life stressors or traumatic events

Symptoms

• While this ICD code pertains to prior behavior rather than current symptoms, related symptoms may include mood swings, feelings of hopelessness, withdrawal from social activities, and expressing suicidal thoughts.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis involves a thorough review of the patient's medical history, possibly involving psychological evaluation to understand the history and context of past suicidal behaviors.

Treatment Options

• Treatments focus on preventing future suicidal behavior and may include psychotherapy, medication (antidepressants, mood stabilizers), and developing a crisis plan.
• Therapy helps patients develop coping mechanisms, while medications can manage underlying mental health conditions.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Individuals with a history of suicidal behavior require ongoing mental health support to mitigate future risk.
• Regular follow-ups with mental health professionals are essential to maintain mental well-being and to adjust treatment plans as needed.

Complications

• If not properly managed, there is a heightened risk of suicide attempts or completions.
• Potential for developing or exacerbating mental health conditions, interpersonal difficulties, and other health-related issues.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy support network, and practicing stress-reduction techniques can be beneficial.
• Awareness and management of mental health conditions through therapy and medication are crucial preventive measures.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediate help should be sought if there are thoughts of self-harm, suicidal ideation, or drastic changes in behavior that cause concern.

Additional Resources

• National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
• American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
• Mental Health America

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate documentation of the patient's history to distinguish between current suicidal ideation and historical suicidal behavior.
• Be aware that Z91.51 is a supplementary code to the primary condition being treated (e.g., depression, PTSD) to provide a comprehensive view of the patient’s mental health background.