S92.032 Displaced avulsion fracture of tuberosity of left calcaneus

Name of the Condition

• Displaced avulsion fracture of tuberosity of left calcaneus

Summary

This condition involves a fracture where a fragment of bone is pulled away from the tuberosity of the left calcaneus (heel bone) due to tendon or ligament avulsion. The fracture is displaced, meaning the bone fragment has moved from its original position. It typically results from trauma and can affect weight-bearing ability and mobility.

Causes

High-impact trauma, such as falls or direct force to the heel. Avulsion occurs when a tendon or ligament pulls a piece of bone away from its attachment site, often seen in sports injuries or sudden, forceful movements.

Risk Factors

• Engaging in high-impact activities or sports.
• Osteoporosis or other bone-weakening conditions.
• Improper footwear or uneven surfaces that increase fall risk.
• Previous injuries to the heel or surrounding structures.

Symptoms

• Sudden, severe pain in the heel or back of the foot.
• Swelling, bruising, or tenderness around the heel.
• Difficulty or inability to bear weight on the affected foot.
• Visible deformity if the fracture fragment is displaced.

Diagnosis

Physical examination to assess pain, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, to confirm the fracture and evaluate its displacement and attachment to the tuberosity.

Treatment Options

• Rest and immobilization with a cast or splint to allow healing.
• Pain management with medications or ice therapy.
• Surgical intervention if the fragment is significantly displaced or causes functional impairment.
• Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility after healing.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis depends on the severity of displacement and adherence to treatment. Most cases heal with proper immobilization, but follow-up imaging may be needed to assess alignment. Return to weight-bearing activities is gradual, guided by clinical progress.

Complications

• Delayed healing or nonunion of the fracture.
• Chronic pain or instability in the heel.
• Nerve or vascular damage from displaced bone fragments.
• Post-traumatic arthritis in severe cases.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Wear supportive footwear during high-impact activities.
• Strengthen lower leg muscles to reduce tendon stress.
• Avoid uneven surfaces or hazardous environments that increase fall risk.
• Maintain bone health through adequate nutrition and exercise.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek immediate care for severe pain, inability to bear weight, or visible deformity. Persistent swelling, bruising, or pain after initial treatment also warrants evaluation.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the laterality (left calcaneus), displacement status, and any associated injuries. Ensure clinical notes specify the anatomical location and fracture characteristics to support accurate coding.