S42.152 Displaced fracture of neck of scapula, left shoulder

Name of the Condition

• Displaced fracture of neck of scapula, left shoulder

Summary

A displaced fracture of the neck of the scapula, left shoulder, involves a break in the narrow portion of the shoulder blade bone that connects to the shoulder joint, with the bone fragments shifted out of their normal alignment. This condition affects the left shoulder and may impact shoulder stability and function due to the neck's role in supporting the glenoid fossa. Displacement occurs when the force of injury is sufficient to move the bone fragments from their anatomical position.

Causes

Traumatic injury is the primary cause of this fracture. Common mechanisms include falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related impacts, or direct blows to the shoulder area. High-energy trauma, such as that from a collision, often results in displacement of the bone fragments. The left shoulder may be affected due to the direction of impact or body positioning during the injury.

Risk Factors

• Participation in contact sports or high-impact activities.
• Osteoporosis or other bone-weakening conditions.
• Advanced age, which may increase susceptibility to falls.
• Previous shoulder or upper arm injuries that affect bone integrity.

Symptoms

• Pain in the shoulder or upper back, especially with movement.
• Swelling, bruising, or tenderness over the shoulder blade.
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder joint.
• Difficulty lifting or rotating the arm.
• In severe cases, visible deformity or instability.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis begins with a physical examination to assess pain, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging studies, typically X-rays or CT scans, are used to confirm the fracture and evaluate displacement. The left shoulder is specifically examined to determine the extent of injury and alignment of bone fragments. Additional tests may be ordered to rule out associated injuries.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the severity of displacement and patient factors. Non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures may be managed with immobilization, such as a sling, and pain relief. Displaced fractures often require surgical intervention to realign and stabilize the bone, followed by rehabilitation to restore function. Physical therapy is commonly recommended to improve mobility and strength.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate treatment, though recovery time varies. Most patients regain full shoulder function, but stiffness or weakness may persist. Follow-up appointments monitor healing through imaging and assess progress in rehabilitation. Complications, such as nonunion or arthritis, are rare but possible with severe injuries.

Complications

• Nonunion or malunion of the fracture.
• Shoulder stiffness or reduced range of motion.
• Nerve or blood vessel damage from the injury or surgery.
• Post-traumatic arthritis in the shoulder joint.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Use protective gear during contact sports or high-risk activities.
• Maintain bone health through adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
• Avoid falls by modifying home environments (e.g., removing tripping hazards).
• Strengthen shoulder muscles to improve stability and reduce injury risk.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe pain, inability to move the arm, visible deformity, or signs of nerve damage (e.g., numbness, tingling). Persistent pain or limited mobility after an injury also warrants evaluation.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the laterality (left shoulder) and displacement status clearly. Include details on the mechanism of injury, imaging findings, and treatment approach to support code assignment. Ensure documentation aligns with clinical guidelines for fracture classification and encounter type.