S37.432 Laceration of ovary, bilateral

Name of the Condition

• Laceration of ovary, bilateral

Summary

Laceration of the ovary, bilateral, refers to a tear or cut in both ovaries, typically resulting from trauma. This condition involves disruption of ovarian tissue, which may lead to bleeding, pain, or impaired function. The severity depends on the extent of the laceration and whether associated structures are affected. Clinical presentation varies based on the force of impact and individual anatomy.

Causes

Blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen or pelvis, such as from motor vehicle accidents, falls, or assaults. Surgical procedures involving pelvic organs, including gynecologic surgeries, may also cause ovarian laceration. Direct impact to the lower abdomen or flank.

Risk Factors

• Participation in contact sports or activities with a high risk of abdominal or pelvic trauma.
• Pre-existing ovarian conditions, such as cysts or tumors, which may increase vulnerability to injury.
• Advanced age, which may reduce tissue resilience.
• Certain occupations or lifestyles involving physical risk.

Symptoms

• Pelvic or lower abdominal pain, often generalized or bilateral.
• Vaginal bleeding or spotting.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Tenderness or swelling in the pelvic region.
• Signs of shock in severe cases.

Diagnosis

Physical examination to assess tenderness, swelling, or external trauma. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, to visualize ovarian damage. Laboratory tests to evaluate blood loss or organ function.

Treatment Options

• Observation for minor injuries with close monitoring.
• Surgical repair for significant lacerations or uncontrolled bleeding.
• Blood transfusion if severe hemorrhage occurs.
• Pain management and supportive care.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis depends on the severity of the laceration and promptness of treatment. Most patients recover with appropriate care, but long-term effects on ovarian function may occur. Follow-up may include monitoring for complications or fertility concerns.

Complications

• Hemorrhage or internal bleeding.
• Infection at the injury site.
• Impaired ovarian function or infertility.
• Pelvic adhesions or chronic pain.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Use protective gear during high-risk activities.
• Avoid unnecessary abdominal trauma.
• Maintain regular gynecologic check-ups to address pre-existing conditions.
• Follow safety guidelines in occupational or recreational settings.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek immediate medical attention for severe abdominal pain, heavy vaginal bleeding, dizziness, or signs of shock after trauma.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the bilateral nature of the laceration and any associated trauma or procedures. Ensure specificity in clinical notes to support the diagnosis and guide appropriate coding.