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Impaired fasting glucose
ICD10CM code
Name of the Condition
- Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), also known as Prediabetes
Summary
Impaired Fasting Glucose is a condition where blood sugar levels are elevated during fasting but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. It indicates a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Causes
- Insulin resistance
- Reduced insulin secretion due to beta-cell dysfunction
- Genetic predispositions and environmental factors
Risk Factors
- Overweight or obesity
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Family history of diabetes
- Age, particularly over 45 years
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Symptoms
- Typically asymptomatic
- May include mild symptoms such as fatigue
Diagnosis
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test with results showing 100-125 mg/dL
- Hemoglobin A1c may be used as an additional testing parameter
Treatment Options
- Lifestyle modifications including diet and physical activity
- Sometimes medications like metformin to improve insulin sensitivity
Prognosis and Follow-Up
- With appropriate lifestyle changes, progression to diabetes is preventable or can be delayed
- Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential
Complications
- High risk of developing type 2 diabetes
- Increased risk for heart disease and stroke
Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Engage in regular physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week)
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
When to Seek Professional Help
- Consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended if fasting blood sugar levels are consistently above the normal range or if there are concerns about diabetes risk factors.
Additional Resources
- American Diabetes Association (www.diabetes.org)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Prediabetes (www.cdc.gov)
Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate coding by confirming the diagnosis with lab results or physician notes.
- Watch for documentation indicating fasting blood glucose levels in the prediabetes range.