Name of the Condition

• Post-term newborn
• Medical term: Post-term infant, Late-term delivery

Summary

A post-term newborn is a baby born after 42 weeks of gestation. While many pregnancies conclude between 37-42 weeks, post-term births extend beyond the typical due date, potentially posing health risks to both the mother and the baby.

Causes

The exact causes of post-term pregnancies are often unclear, but they may include miscalculation of due dates, hormonal factors, or previous history of post-term births. Genetics could also play a role.

Risk Factors

• First-time pregnancies
• Previous history of post-term births
• Advanced maternal age
• Obesity in the mother
• Fetal anomalies

Symptoms

• Dry, cracked, peeling skin of the newborn
• Longer fingernails and toenails
• Minimal fat beneath the skin
• Increased alertness

Diagnosis

• Estimated due date calculation using the last menstrual period or ultrasound
• Monitoring of fetal well-being through non-stress tests and ultrasounds

Treatment Options

• Induction of Labor: Medications like Pitocin to stimulate contractions.
• Cesarean Delivery: If induction fails or if the baby's health is at risk.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Most post-term newborns who receive prompt and appropriate care have a positive outlook. Regular monitoring during the post-term period is crucial for ensuring fetal well-being.

Complications

• Oxygen deprivation
• Macrosomia (large body size), which can complicate delivery
• Meconium aspiration syndrome, which affects breathing
• Low amniotic fluid levels

Lifestyle & Prevention

While the prevention of post-term pregnancies is not always possible, maintaining a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and regular prenatal check-ups can help manage risk factors.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek professional help if you experience decreased fetal movements or other concerns during the final weeks of pregnancy, or if the due date has passed without signs of labor.

Additional Resources

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)
• March of Dimes
• Local prenatal and parenting support groups

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate calculation of gestational age based on medical records.
• Cross-reference post-term pregnancy evaluations and interventions.
• Common error: Confusing with overdue pregnancies; verify gestational age is 42 weeks or more.