N13.2 Hydronephrosis with renal and ureteral calculous obstruction

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Hydronephrosis with renal and ureteral calculous obstruction (ICD-10: N13.2)

#### Summary
- Hydronephrosis with renal and ureteral calculous obstruction occurs when a kidney stone (calculous) blocks part of the urinary tract, leading to a backup of urine in the kidney (hydronephrosis). This can cause swelling and damage to the kidney over time.

#### Causes
- The primary cause is the formation of kidney stones, which may occur due to high levels of certain minerals in the urine, dehydration, or urinary tract infections.

#### Risk Factors
- Risk factors include a history of kidney stones, dehydration, high salt or protein diet, obesity, family history of kidney stones, chronic urinary tract infections, and certain medical conditions like gout.

#### Symptoms
- Symptoms may include severe pain in the back or side, hematuria (blood in urine), nausea and vomiting, frequent urination, urinary urgency, and fever if infection is present.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests such as an ultrasound or CT scan to detect obstructive stones and swelling in the kidney. Lab tests may include blood tests and urinalysis to assess kidney function and stone-related abnormalities.

#### Treatment Options
- Treatment may consist of pain management, hydration, and medications like alpha-blockers to facilitate stone passage. In cases where stones are large or cause significant blockage, procedures such as lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or surgical removal may be necessary.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Most cases resolve with treatment, but long-term outlook depends on timely intervention and prevention of recurrent stones. Regular follow-ups to monitor kidney function and prevent recurrence are important.

#### Complications
- Without appropriate management, complications can include chronic kidney damage, urinary tract infections, sepsis, and acute kidney failure.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Preventive measures include staying well-hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet low in salt and animal protein, and monitoring for any recurrent symptoms. Dietary changes specific to the type of stone may be recommended.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Seek immediate medical attention if experiencing severe pain, fever, vomiting, or difficulty urinating, as these may indicate a serious blockage or infection.

#### Additional Resources
- National Kidney Foundation: [kidney.org](https://www.kidney.org)
- American Urological Association: [AUAnet.org](https://www.auanet.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate coding by cross-referencing patient symptoms, lab results, and imaging findings with ICD code N13.2.
- Be cautious to not confuse this code with other types of hydronephrosis without obstruction, which have different ICD codes.

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