M43.12 Spondylolisthesis, cervical region

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Spondylolisthesis, cervical region**
- Also known as cervical spondylolisthesis.

#### Summary
Spondylolisthesis in the cervical region refers to a condition where one of the vertebrae in the neck slips forward over the one below it. This can lead to neck pain and potentially affect the spinal cord or nerve roots.

#### Causes
- Degenerative changes due to aging.
- Congenital vertebral defects.
- Trauma or injury to the cervical spine.

#### Risk Factors
- Aging: Degenerative changes are more common in elderly individuals.
- Previous injuries or surgeries in the neck area.
- Hereditary conditions affecting bone or spine structure.

#### Symptoms
- Neck pain or stiffness.
- Numbness or tingling in the arms or hands.
- Muscle weakness in the arms.
- Reduced range of motion in the neck.

#### Diagnosis
- Physical examination to assess range of motion and neurological function.
- Imaging tests, such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, to visualize vertebral displacement.

#### Treatment Options
- **Conservative management:** Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility, pain medications, and neck braces.
- **Surgical interventions:** If conservative treatments fail, surgery may be considered to stabilize the spine and relieve pressure on nerves.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Many patients respond well to conservative treatment and maintain a good quality of life.
- Regular follow-up is crucial to monitor progression and adjust treatment plans as needed.

#### Complications
- If untreated, cervical spondylolisthesis can lead to chronic pain, nerve damage, or even paralysis.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce spine stress.
- Engage in regular exercise to strengthen neck muscles.
- Practice good posture to minimize spinal wear.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden onset of severe neck pain.
- Neurological symptoms such as arm weakness or significant numbness.
- Loss of bladder or bowel control, which could indicate a medical emergency.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS)](https://www.aaos.org)
- [Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS)](https://www.csrs.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure the specific location is coded correctly (cervical region).
- Verify that the code aligns with detailed clinical documentation to avoid underreporting.
- Common coding errors include confusion with similar conditions, so differentiation from other spinal disorders is key.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Spondylolisthesis, cervical region

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