22210 Osteotomy of spine, posterior or posterolateral approach, 1 vertebral segment; cervical

Name of the Procedure:

Osteotomy of Spine, Posterior or Posterolateral Approach, 1 Vertebral Segment; Cervical

Summary

An osteotomy of the spine involves surgically cutting and realigning a vertebra in the cervical (neck) region to correct deformities, relieve pressure on the spinal cord, or improve the overall structure of the spine.

Purpose

This procedure addresses conditions like spinal deformities, severe arthritis, or spine fractures. The primary goal is to restore proper alignment and alleviate symptoms such as pain or neurological deficits.

Indications

Symptoms warranting this procedure include chronic neck pain, numbness or weakness in the arms, and visible spine deformity. It is typically recommended for patients who have not responded to conservative treatments like physical therapy or medications.

Preparation

• Patients may be instructed to fast for 8 hours before the procedure.
• Medications that affect blood clotting may need to be paused.
• Pre-operative imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans and blood tests are commonly required.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned under general anesthesia.
2. An incision is made along the posterior or posterolateral aspect of the neck.
3. Muscles are gently retracted to expose the vertebra.
4. The surgeon cuts the targeted vertebra and realigns it.
5. The vertebra is stabilized using plates, screws, or other hardware.
6. The incision is closed with sutures or staples.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 2 to 4 hours, depending on the complexity.

Setting

Usually performed in a hospital operating room or a specialized surgical center.

Personnel

• Orthopedic or neurosurgeon
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical nurses and technicians

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: Infection, bleeding, nerve damage
• Rare risks: Spinal cord injury, hardware failure, persistent pain
• Complications are managed with medications, physical therapy, or additional surgeries if needed.

Benefits

Patients can expect a reduction in pain, improved spinal alignment, and better overall neck function. Benefits may be realized within weeks to months post-surgery.

Recovery

• Initial hospital stay of 2-4 days for monitoring
• Pain management with medications
• Physical therapy may be recommended
• Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities for several weeks
• Follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing

Alternatives

• Non-surgical treatments: Physical therapy, pain medications, spinal injections
• Less invasive surgical options: Spinal fusion, laminectomy
• Alternatives have varying degrees of effectiveness and recovery times.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel sore and stiff immediately after the procedure. Pain is managed with medications, and most discomfort subsides within a few days. Physical therapy aids in regaining strength and mobility.