Name of the Condition

• Infantile Acne (L70.4)

Summary

Infantile acne is a type of acne that appears in toddlers, usually between the ages of 6 months and 2 years. It is characterized by blackheads, whiteheads, pustules, and sometimes cysts on the skin, mainly affecting the cheeks. While it is not a common condition, it often resolves without treatment.

Causes

• The exact cause of infantile acne is not well understood.
• Hormonal changes are suspected to play a role.
• It's not related to hygiene or diet.

Risk Factors

• Family history of acne may increase the likelihood.
• More common in boys than girls.

Symptoms

• Blackheads and whiteheads
• Red or inflamed bumps (pustules)
• Cysts (in more severe cases)
• Typically located on the cheeks, sometimes the forehead or other areas.

Diagnosis

• Primarily made through clinical evaluation of the skin.
• A thorough medical history and examination to rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options

• Requires little to no treatment as it often resolves on its own.
• For persistent or severe cases, topical treatments like benzoyl peroxide or topical antibiotics may be recommended by a pediatric dermatologist.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most infants outgrow the condition by age 3 or 4.
• Regular follow-ups may be necessary in cases where treatment is prescribed.

Complications

• Scarring is rare but can occur in severe cases.
• Potential psychological impact if the condition persists or leads to scarring later in life.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Gentle skin care is advised.
• Avoid harsh products or scrubbing the infant's skin.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If acne is severe, persistent, or accompanied by symptoms like fever or weight loss.
• Seek medical advice if concerned about potential scarring or if the condition persists beyond the typical age range.

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Dermatology: aad.org
• National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases: niams.nih.gov

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the correct age group is recorded, as infantile acne is differentiated from neonatal and adolescent acne.
• Avoid confusing L70.4 with other acne codes; take note of the patient's age and symptoms documented in the medical records.