Name of the Condition

• Collagenous colitis
• Also referred to as microscopic colitis when categorized with lymphocytic colitis.

Summary

• Collagenous colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that primarily causes chronic watery diarrhea and inflammation of the colon. It is considered a form of microscopic colitis due to its distinctive appearance under a microscope.

Causes

• The exact cause of collagenous colitis is unknown. Potential contributing factors include autoimmune responses, genetic predisposition, infections, and reactions to certain medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Risk Factors

• Factors that might increase the risk include:
  • Being female and middle-aged
  • Having a personal or family history of autoimmune diseases
  • Taking certain medications, such as NSAIDs and proton pump inhibitors

Symptoms

• Common symptoms include:
  • Chronic, watery diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain or cramps
  • Weight loss
  • Dehydration and fatigue

Diagnosis

• Diagnosing involves:
  • A colonoscopy with biopsy to examine colonic tissue
  • Histological examination revealing a thickened collagen band beneath the lining of the colon

Treatment Options

• Treatment typically includes:
  • Medications such as budesonide, a corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation
  • Anti-diarrheal agents to manage symptoms
  • Adjusting medications that may trigger symptoms
• If medications are not effective, a gastroenterologist may suggest other therapeutic approaches.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Prognosis is generally positive with appropriate treatment, though symptoms may recur.
• Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to manage flare-ups and adjust treatment plans as needed.

Complications

• Potential complications if untreated include persistent diarrhea leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Lifestyle modifications may involve:
  • Adopting a balanced, low-fat diet
  • Avoiding known food triggers and NSAIDs if they aggravate symptoms
  • Staying hydrated

When to Seek Professional Help

• Seek medical attention if you experience:
  • Severe or persistent diarrhea
  • Signs of dehydration, such as intense thirst or dizziness
  • Significant, unexplained weight loss

Additional Resources

• Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation
• American Gastroenterological Association

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate documentation of the specific type of colitis and rule out other forms.
• Common errors include coding for general diarrhea without specifying collagenous colitis when confirmed by biopsy.