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Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration, left eye, intermediate dry stage
ICD10CM code
Name of the Condition
- Nonexudative Age-related Macular Degeneration, Left Eye, Intermediate Dry Stage
- Also known as "Dry AMD" or "Atrophic AMD."
Summary
- Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye condition primarily affecting older adults, causing loss of central vision due to the thinning of the macula. This particular stage involves the left eye and is classified as intermediate, indicating a progression beyond early macular changes but not yet severe.
Causes
- The exact cause of AMD is unknown, but it involves the degeneration of the retina's macula. It is believed to result from a combination of genetic factors and environmental influences, such as oxidative stress and inflammation.
Risk Factors
- Age: Risk increases significantly in people over 50.
- Family history of AMD.
- Smoking, which can double the risk of developing AMD.
- Obesity and poor diet lacking essential nutrients.
- High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
Symptoms
- Gradual blurring of central vision in the left eye.
- Difficulty recognizing faces or reading.
- The appearance of blank or dark areas in the center of vision.
- Colors appearing less vibrant.
Diagnosis
- Comprehensive eye exam including dilation.
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) to capture detailed images of the retina.
- Amsler grid test to detect vision changes.
- Fundus photography and fluorescein angiography to evaluate retinal changes.
Treatment Options
- Lifestyle modifications: Quitting smoking and adopting a healthy diet rich in leafy greens and antioxidants.
- AREDS supplements: Special vitamins proven to slow the progression in intermediate cases.
- Regular monitoring and check-ups with an ophthalmologist to track disease progression.
Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Intermediate AMD can lead to advanced forms, affecting central vision more severely over time.
- Regular eye examinations are crucial to monitor changes and adjust treatment as necessary to prevent further damage.
Complications
- Progression to advanced AMD, which can result in significant vision loss.
- Potential development of geographic atrophy or wet AMD.
Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintain a nutrient-rich diet, including omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, and zeaxanthin.
- Manage blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
- Wear UV-protective eyewear when outdoors.
When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden changes in vision, such as loss of central vision clarity or distortion.
- Development of near-vision problems that affect daily activities.
Additional Resources
Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure correct eye identification: "left eye" should be coded specifically as such.
- Differentiate between nonexudative (dry) versus exudative (wet) types of AMD.
- Avoid confusing intermediate stages with early or advanced stages to ensure precise coding as H35.3122.