Destruction of localized lesion of retina (eg, macular edema, tumors), 1 or more sessions; photocoagulation
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Destruction of Localized Lesion of Retina (e.g., Macular Edema, Tumors) via Photocoagulation
Summary
Destruction of localized lesion of the retina using photocoagulation is a medical procedure that uses laser technology to treat abnormal tissues in the eye. It's typically performed over one or more sessions to address issues like macular edema or retinal tumors.
Purpose
This procedure aims to treat specific retinal conditions such as macular edema, which is swelling of the central retina, and retinal tumors. The goal is to restore or preserve vision by eliminating abnormal blood vessels or lesions.
Indications
- Symptoms of vision impairment or loss.
- Diagnosed macular edema or retinal tumors.
- Presence of abnormal retinal blood vessels or lesions.
- Conditions like diabetic retinopathy that threaten vision.
Preparation
- Patients may be advised to fast for a specified period before the procedure.
- Certain medications, especially blood thinners, might need to be adjusted.
- Pre-procedure diagnostic tests may include a comprehensive eye examination and imaging studies like OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) or fluorescein angiography.
Procedure Description
- The patient is seated or positioned comfortably.
- Local anesthesia is administered to numb the eye, often in the form of eye drops.
- A special contact lens is placed on the eye to help focus the laser light.
- The ophthalmologist uses a laser to target and destroy the abnormal retinal tissue.
- The laser photocoagulation process creates small burns to seal or eliminate problematic blood vessels or lesions.
Duration
The procedure typically takes around 20 to 30 minutes per session.
Setting
The procedure is usually performed in an outpatient setting, such as an eye clinic or a specialized surgical center.
Personnel
- Ophthalmologist or retina specialist (performing the procedure)
- Nursing staff (assisting with preparation and aftercare)
Risks and Complications
- Common risks: mild pain or discomfort, temporary vision changes, swelling.
- Rare risks: bleeding, infection, persistent vision problems, accidental damage to surrounding retinal tissue.
- Management: Most complications are manageable with medication or follow-up care.
Benefits
- Preservation or improvement of vision.
- Reduction of retinal swelling or tumor size.
- Prevention of further deterioration of vision.
- Benefits can often be realized within weeks to a few months after the procedure.
Recovery
- Patients may experience mild discomfort and blurred vision immediately after.
- Post-procedure care includes using prescribed eye drops to reduce inflammation.
- Avoid strenuous activities and protect the eyes from bright light.
- Follow-up visits are necessary to monitor recovery and effectiveness.
Alternatives
- Intravitreal injections (medications injected into the eye).
- Vitrectomy (surgical removal of vitreous gel).
- Observation and routine monitoring for less severe cases.
Each alternative comes with its own risks and benefits; discussing these with the healthcare provider is recommended.
Patient Experience
- During the procedure, patients may feel slight stinging or see bright flashes.
- Local anesthesia helps minimize discomfort.
- After the procedure, slight soreness and blurry vision are common but temporary.
- Pain management can include over-the-counter pain relievers and prescribed eye drops.