E28.39 Other primary ovarian failure

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Other Primary Ovarian Failure**  
- **ICD Code:** E28.39  

#### Summary
Other primary ovarian failure is a condition where the ovaries cease functioning properly in women of reproductive age, leading to reduced estrogen production and irregular or absent menstrual cycles. Unlike menopause, this occurs prematurely and can have various underlying causes.

#### Causes
- Genetic factors and chromosomal abnormalities  
- Autoimmune disorders  
- Environmental factors or toxin exposure  
- Unknown causes (idiopathic)

#### Risk Factors
- Family history of premature ovarian failure  
- Autoimmune diseases  
- Certain genetic conditions, such as Turner syndrome  
- History of chemotherapy or radiation therapy

#### Symptoms
- Irregular or absent menstrual periods  
- Hot flashes and night sweats  
- Vaginal dryness  
- Difficulty conceiving (infertility)  
- Mood changes and decreased libido

#### Diagnosis
- Blood tests to measure hormone levels (FSH, estradiol)  
- Pelvic ultrasound to assess ovarian structure  
- Genetic testing to identify chromosomal abnormalities

#### Treatment Options
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to manage symptoms and reduce risks of osteoporosis  
- Calcium and vitamin D supplements for bone health  
- Fertility treatments (e.g., in vitro fertilization) for those wishing to conceive  
- Counseling and support for emotional well-being

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- While the condition is typically chronic, symptom management and maintaining overall health are achievable with treatment.  
- Regular monitoring of bone density and cardiovascular health is recommended.

#### Complications
- Increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures  
- Cardiovascular disease due to reduced estrogen levels  
- Infertility and associated emotional distress

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Maintaining a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D  
- Engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise  
- Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Experiencing irregular or absent menstrual cycles for several months  
- Symptoms of menopause occurring before age 40  
- Difficulty conceiving after trying for a year

#### Additional Resources
- [National Institute of Health (NIH) - Primary Ovarian Insufficiency](https://www.nichd.nih.gov/)  
- [American Society for Reproductive Medicine](https://www.asrm.org/)  
- [Resolve: The National Infertility Association](https://resolve.org/)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure differentiation from other types of ovarian failure by confirming causative factors.  
- Common mistakes include coding menopause or secondary ovarian failure; verify diagnosis details to avoid errors.

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