Name of the Condition

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Diabetic Peripheral Angiopathy with Gangrene
• ICD Code: E11.52

Summary

Type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic peripheral angiopathy with gangrene is a serious complication of diabetes where damaged blood vessels lead to reduced blood flow, causing tissue death which may result in gangrene.

Causes

• Chronic high blood sugar levels associated with type 2 diabetes.
• Poor blood circulation due to damaged blood vessels.

Risk Factors

• Long-standing diabetes.
• Poorly controlled blood sugar levels.
• Smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle.
• High blood pressure and high cholesterol.

Symptoms

• Pain, numbness, or tingling in the affected area.
• Skin discoloration or coolness in the limbs.
• Ulcers or sores that do not heal.
• Foul-smelling discharge or tissue necrosis.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination focusing on the affected area.
• Doppler ultrasound to assess blood flow.
• Blood tests to monitor blood sugar control.
• Imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scans, to evaluate the extent of gangrene.

Treatment Options

• Antibiotics to combat any infections.
• Surgical debridement to remove dead tissue.
• Revascularization procedures to improve blood flow.
• Blood sugar management through medications or insulin.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Early treatment can improve outcomes; however, severe cases might require amputation.
• Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and vascular health is crucial.

Complications

• Severe infections potentially leading to sepsis.
• Amputation due to severe tissue damage.
• Increased risk of heart attack or stroke.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintain healthy blood sugar levels through diet and medication.
• Regular exercise to improve circulation.
• Avoid smoking and manage blood pressure and cholesterol.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Sudden or worsening pain in the limbs.
• Any significant change in skin color or temperature.
• Non-healing wounds or ulcers.

Additional Resources

• American Diabetes Association (ADA)
• Diabetes UK
• International Diabetes Federation (IDF)

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the full condition is captured, including mention of gangrene.
• Verify the presence of related complications to avoid under-coding.
• Double-check for accurate and complete documentation from healthcare providers.