C69.31 Malignant neoplasm of right choroid

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Malignant neoplasm of right choroid
- Also known as choroid cancer or intraocular melanoma of the right eye

#### Summary
- This condition represents a type of eye cancer found in the choroid, the vascular layer of the eye between the retina and the sclera, specifically affecting the right eye. It is a rare but serious form of cancer that can impact vision and overall eye health.

#### Causes
- The exact cause is unknown, but genetic mutations in eye cells are suspected.
- Some cases are linked to environmental factors like UV radiation exposure.

#### Risk Factors
- Age, as it is more prevalent in older adults.
- Light eye color may be a predisposing factor.
- A family history of eye cancers or other forms of melanoma.

#### Symptoms
- Blurred vision or vision loss in the right eye.
- Seeing flashes of light or shadows.
- A noticeable dark spot on the iris.
- Pain or redness, rarely, if the condition advances.

#### Diagnosis
- Comprehensive eye examinations.
- Imaging tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans.
- Biopsy may be conducted in some cases to confirm malignancy.

#### Treatment Options
- **Radiation therapy**, often the primary treatment, aims to destroy cancer cells.
- **Surgical options** like enucleation (removal of the eye) if the tumor is large and threatens sight or life.
- Laser therapy or photocoagulation may be used to treat smaller tumors.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Prognosis depends on the size and spread of the tumor; early detection often leads to a better outlook.
- Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor for recurrence or metastasis.

#### Complications
- Potential spread to other body parts, such as the liver.
- Vision loss if untreated or inadequately managed.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Wear sunglasses with UV protection to reduce risk.
- Regular eye check-ups, especially if at higher risk due to personal or family history.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden vision changes, dark spots in your field of vision, or any significant eye discomfort warrant prompt medical attention.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Ophthalmology](https://www.aao.org)
- [The Ocular Melanoma Foundation](https://www.ocularmelanoma.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure the correct side is documented, as this condition is specific to the right choroid.
- Verify accompanying diagnostic tests and treatment records to support the coding of C69.31.
- Avoid confusing with other ocular conditions to prevent miscoding.

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