A59.9 Trichomoniasis, unspecified

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Trichomoniasis, unspecified (ICD-10 code: A59.9)

#### Summary
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite *Trichomonas vaginalis*. It can infect both men and women but is more commonly diagnosed in women. The infection often causes vaginitis in women, leading to discomfort and other symptoms.

#### Causes
Trichomoniasis is caused by the single-celled protozoan parasite *Trichomonas vaginalis*. It spreads primarily through sexual contact, including vaginal intercourse.

#### Risk Factors
- Having multiple sexual partners
- A previous history of sexually transmitted infections
- Lack of access to preventive services like condoms
- Not using barrier protection during sexual activity

#### Symptoms
- Women: Vaginal discharge that may be clear, white, yellowish, or green with a fishy odor; genital itching or irritation; discomfort during urination or intercourse.
- Men: Often asymptomatic; however, may experience itching inside the penis, burning after urination or ejaculation, and discharge from the penis.

#### Diagnosis
- Physical examination and consideration of symptoms
- Microscopic examination of vaginal discharge
- Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)
- Culture tests for *Trichomonas vaginalis*

#### Treatment Options
- Oral antibiotics, most commonly metronidazole or tinidazole
- Both sexual partners should be treated simultaneously to prevent reinfection.
- Abstinence from sexual activity until the infection has cleared.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
With appropriate antibiotic treatment, trichomoniasis is usually curable. Follow-up tests may be recommended to ensure the infection has been resolved, particularly if symptoms persist.

#### Complications
- Increased risk of contracting or transmitting other STIs, including HIV
- Potential complications during pregnancy, such as preterm delivery or low birth weight

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Consistent and correct use of condoms
- Regular STI screenings for sexually active individuals
- Limiting the number of sexual partners
- Communication with partners about STIs and sexual history

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Experiencing symptoms like unusual discharge or genital discomfort
- Concerns about potential exposure to STIs
- Before starting a new sexual relationship

#### Additional Resources
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [cdc.gov/std/trichomonas/default.htm](https://www.cdc.gov/std/trichomonas/default.htm)
- American Sexual Health Association (ASHA) [ashasexualhealth.org/](https://www.ashasexualhealth.org/)
- Trichomoniasis Fact Sheet - World Health Organization (WHO)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure to capture the 'unspecified' status if no further information about the specifics of the condition is available.
- Avoid assigning a more specific ICD code unless additional details (e.g., complications, specific site) are documented in the patient's medical record.

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