A18.16 Tuberculosis of cervix

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Tuberculosis of the cervix
- ICD Code: A18.16
- Other terms: Cervical TB

#### Summary
Tuberculosis of the cervix is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that affects the uterine cervix. Like other forms of TB, it is caused by the bacterium *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. This condition often presents similarly to cervical cancer, making proper diagnosis essential.

#### Causes
- Infection with *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*.
- Spread of TB bacteria from another infected area, commonly the lungs or elsewhere in the reproductive tract.

#### Risk Factors
- Previous history of pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
- Immunocompromised states, including HIV/AIDS.
- Living in or traveling to regions with high TB prevalence.
- Close contact with someone who has active TB.

#### Symptoms
- Abnormal vaginal discharge.
- Irregular menstrual bleeding or post-coital bleeding.
- Lower abdominal pain.
- Pelvic pain or discomfort.

#### Diagnosis
- Pelvic examination.
- Pap smear and cervical biopsy.
- PCR testing to detect *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* DNA.
- Imaging studies if necessary (e.g., MRI or CT scan).

#### Treatment Options
- Standard anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT), including drugs like isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.
- Treatment duration may last 6-9 months, depending on the severity and response.
- Regular monitoring by healthcare professionals to ensure adherence and efficacy.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Generally favorable prognosis with timely and appropriate treatment.
- Regular follow-up is essential to monitor treatment progress and manage potential side effects.
- Ongoing evaluations to prevent recurrence are crucial.

#### Complications
- Infertility due to scarring or tubal blockage.
- Chronic pelvic pain.
- Persistent or recurrent infection if untreated or inadequately managed.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Healthy lifestyle to support immune function, including balanced diet and regular exercise.
- Avoidance of exposure to active TB if possible.
- Adherence to prescribed TB treatment regimens to prevent spread.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- If experiencing persistent gynecological symptoms such as unusual discharge or bleeding.
- Upon close contact with someone diagnosed with TB.
- Anytime new symptoms arise during or after TB treatment.

#### Additional Resources
- World Health Organization (WHO) - Tuberculosis information.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - TB resources.
- Local health department TB programs for support and guidance.

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate documentation of TB specifics (such as its cervical location) for precise coding.
- Be cautious of coding errors related to similar conditions, such as cervical cancer.
- Verify the diagnosis with clinical records before assigning the A18.16 code.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Tuberculosis of cervix

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