Name of the Procedure:

• Common Name: Long Leg Cast
• Medical/Technical Term: pediatric long leg cast, plaster

Summary

A long leg cast is a type of orthopedic cast that extends from the thigh to the toes, designed specifically for children aged 0-10 years. It is made from plaster and is primarily used to immobilize and support fractures in the lower leg, including the tibia and fibula.

Purpose

• Medical Conditions: This type of cast is utilized for treating fractures, severe sprains, or other injuries to the lower leg, knee, and sometimes the thigh.
• Goals: The main goals are to immobilize the injured area, promote proper bone alignment and healing, reduce pain, and prevent further injury.

Indications

• Fractures involving the tibia, fibula, or lower femur.
• Severe sprains or ligament injuries around the knee.
• Post-surgical immobilization for certain procedures involving the lower leg or knee.

Preparation

• Pre-Procedure Instructions: The patient may need to fast if anesthesia is required. Adjustments to medications, especially blood thinners, may be necessary.
• Assessments: An X-ray or other imaging tests are usually conducted to confirm the nature and extent of the injury.

Procedure Description

1. Initial Assessment: The affected leg is examined and imaged.
2. Positioning: The child is positioned comfortably, often on a padded surface.
3. Material Application: A padded layer is first applied to protect the skin, followed by rolls of plaster bandages.
4. Molding: The plaster is molded around the leg to ensure proper fit and immobilization.
5. Drying: The plaster is left to set and harden, which usually takes about 10-15 minutes.

• Tools Used: Plaster bandages, padding materials, molding tools.
• Anesthesia/Sedation: Local anesthesia may be used to minimize pain during application.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes around 30-45 minutes, including the time for the plaster to set.

Setting

This procedure is commonly performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital emergency room, or orthopedic surgeon's office.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon or orthopedic technician
• Nurses or medical assistants

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Skin irritation or pressure sores, itching, and swelling.
• Rare Complications: Compartment syndrome, infection, or delayed bone healing.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Proper immobilization of the fracture, allowing bones to heal correctly.
• Timeline: Benefits can often be realized within a few weeks, but full healing typically takes several months.

Recovery

• Follow-up visits for X-rays and cast adjustments if necessary.
• Keep the cast dry and elevated to reduce swelling.
• Avoid putting weight on the affected leg.
• Recovery times vary but typically range from 6-8 weeks, with restrictions on physical activity.

Alternatives

• Other Options: Removable braces or boots, surgical fixation with plates or screws.
• Pros and Cons: Alternatives may offer more flexibility but might not provide the same degree of immobilization.

Patient Experience

• During Procedure: Minimal discomfort with proper pain management.
• Post-Procedure: Mild discomfort and itching; patients should avoid getting the cast wet.
• Pain Management: Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used for pain relief. Regular follow-ups help monitor and manage any issues.