Name of the Procedure:

Short Arm Cast, Pediatric (0-10 years), Plaster (HCPCS Code: Q4011)

Summary

A short arm cast for children aged 0-10 years is used to immobilize and protect a fractured or injured arm. Made of plaster, this type of cast covers the area from the hand to just below the elbow.

Purpose

This procedure is utilized to treat fractures and severe sprains in the lower arm or wrist of pediatric patients. The primary goal is to immobilize the injured area, allowing bones to heal correctly and reducing pain and swelling.

Indications

• Visible deformity or swelling of the arm
• Severe pain in the wrist or forearm
• Suspected wrist or lower arm fractures
• Severe sprains

Preparation

• The patient typically does not need to fast.
• X-rays may be required to assess the extent of the injury.
• Pre-existing conditions and medications should be discussed with the healthcare provider.

Procedure Description

1. The injured arm is examined and positioned correctly.
2. Padding is applied around the area for comfort.
3. Plaster bandages are soaked in water and wrapped around the padding.
4. The plaster is molded to fit the arm snugly while maintaining necessary flexibility.
5. The cast is left to harden for about 24-48 hours.

Tools and Equipment:

• Plaster bandages
• Padding material
• Water and basin

Anesthesia:

• Generally, no anesthesia or sedation is needed, though pain relief may be administered.

Duration

The application of the cast usually takes about 20-30 minutes.

Setting

Typically performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or emergency room.

Personnel

• Pediatrician or pediatric orthopedic specialist
• Nurse or medical assistant

Risks and Complications

• Skin irritation or infection under the cast
• Poor fit causing discomfort
• Circulatory or nerve problems if applied too tightly
• Allergic reaction to casting materials (rare)

Benefits

• Proper immobilization of the injured area facilitates effective healing.
• Reduction in pain and swelling.
• Prevention of further injury.

Recovery

• Keep the cast dry and clean.
• Avoid inserting objects into the cast.
• Follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor healing.
• The cast is usually worn for 4-6 weeks.
• Gradual reintroduction of movement after cast removal.

Alternatives

• Splints or braces may be used for less severe injuries.
• Removable hard-shell casts.
• Pros and Cons: Plaster casts offer excellent immobilization but are heavier and less convenient than alternatives like fiberglass.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel some discomfort or itching under the cast. Pain management is generally handled by oral medications if necessary. Keeping the arm elevated can help reduce swelling.