Name of the Procedure:

Application of Halo Type Body Cast (Spinal Halo Immobilization)

Summary

The application of a halo type body cast is a procedure used to immobilize the head, neck, and spine to ensure proper healing following an injury or surgery. The procedure involves placing a rigid frame with pins that secure into the skull, which is then connected to a body jacket.

Purpose

The halo type body cast is used to stabilize and immobilize the cervical spine (neck) after fractures, dislocations, or surgeries. Its goal is to allow bones and tissues to heal correctly by restricting movement.

Indications

Conditions that warrant the procedure include:

• Cervical spine fractures
• Severe spinal deformities
• Post-operative stabilization after spinal surgery Suitable candidates are typically those who have sustained traumatic neck injuries or have undergone surgery to correct spinal issues.

Preparation

Patients may need to:

• Fast for a few hours prior to the procedure if general anesthesia is used.
• Adjust certain medications, as advised by their physician.
• Undergo diagnostic tests like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs for precise planning.
• Have laboratory tests to ensure overall health status.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the areas where pins will be inserted, and sedation may be provided for comfort.
2. Positioning: The patient is positioned to allow access to the skull and torso.
3. Frame Placement: The halo ring is placed around the patient’s head and connected with pins that are carefully screwed into the skull.
4. Body Jacket Fitting: A body jacket or cast is prepared and molded around the patient’s torso. The halo ring is attached to the body jacket to ensure complete immobilization.
5. Final Adjustments: The complete assembly is adjusted to ensure comfort and proper fit.

Tools used include:

• Halo ring
• Skull pins
• Wrenches and torque screwdrivers
• Body jacket materials

Duration

The procedure typically takes 1-2 hours.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in a hospital operating room or a specialized outpatient clinic.

Personnel

The medical team typically includes:

• An orthopedic or neurosurgeon
• Surgical nurses
• Anesthesiologist (if general anesthesia is used)

Risks and Complications

Common risks include:

• Pin site infections or irritation
• Pain at pin insertion sites
• Loosening or dislodgement of pins

Rare complications may include:

• Nerve damage
• Skin ulcers under the body jacket These risks can be managed with proper care, observation, and prompt medical treatment.

Benefits

Expected benefits include:

• Effective immobilization of the cervical spine to promote healing
• Reduced risk of further injury or complications Healing can start immediately, but full benefits depend on the underlying condition and adherence to post-procedure care.

Recovery

Post-procedure care involves:

• Regular follow-up appointments for adjustments and monitoring
• Cleaning of pin sites to prevent infection
• Possible physical therapy for rehabilitation Recovery time varies, but patients may need to wear the halo device for several weeks to months.

Alternatives

Alternatives include less rigid neck braces or collar devices. However, these may offer less stability and protection compared to a halo cast. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the injury and patient health.

Patient Experience

Patients may experience discomfort during the initial days post-application and mild pain at pin sites. Pain management includes over-the-counter pain medications and prescribed treatments for discomfort. Adjustments to daily activities will be necessary to accommodate the cast and ensure safety.