Name of the Procedure:

Common Name: Short Arm Cast
Technical/Medical Term: Cast Supplies, Short Arm Cast, Adult (11 years +), Plaster (HCPCS Code Q4009)

Summary

A short arm cast is a type of plaster cast applied to the lower arm to immobilize the bones and joints after a fracture or surgery. This cast covers the area from just below the elbow to the hand, sparing some mobility for the elbow and fingers while keeping the lower arm and wrist stable as they heal.

Purpose

The primary goal of a short arm cast is to immobilize the bones and joints of the lower arm to facilitate proper healing following a fracture, dislocation, or surgery. It helps reduce pain and prevent further injury by keeping the affected area stable.

Indications

• Fractures of the radius or ulna
• Wrist fractures
• Certain types of hand fractures
• Post-surgical immobilization of the lower arm Patients generally require this procedure if they experience significant pain, swelling, and difficulty moving their wrist or lower arm due to an underlying injury or condition.

Preparation

• The patient may need to remove jewelry and wear loose, comfortable clothing.
• It’s essential to inform the healthcare provider about any medications being taken.
• No fasting or specific diagnostic tests are usually required unless accompanied by surgery.

Procedure Description

1. Initial Assessment: The healthcare provider examines the injury and may use imaging such as X-rays to determine the type of fracture.
2. Padding: A soft layer of cotton padding is applied around the injured area for comfort and to protect the skin.
3. Application of Plaster: The plaster bandage is soaked in water, then wrapped around the padded area, starting at the hand and moving up to just below the elbow.
4. Molding: The plaster is molded to conform to the shape of the arm to provide optimal support.
5. Drying: The cast is left to dry and harden, taking around 10-15 minutes to set properly.

Duration

The application of a short arm cast usually takes about 15-30 minutes.

Setting

Typically performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or an orthopedic specialist’s office.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon or physician
• Registered nurse or cast technician
• Radiologic technologist (for imaging)

Risks and Complications

• Skin irritation or pressure sores
• Allergic reactions to the casting materials
• Joint stiffness or muscle atrophy
• Improper fit leading to inadequate immobilization
• Compartment syndrome (rare but serious complication due to swelling under the cast)

Benefits

• Proper alignment and stabilization of the broken bones
• Pain reduction and improved healing outcomes
• Prevention of further injury through immobilization Benefits are typically realized within the first few days to weeks as stabilization allows for initial healing.

Recovery

• Keep the cast dry and clean.
• Avoid inserting objects into the cast to scratch the skin.
• Elevate the arm to reduce swelling.
• Follow up with the healthcare provider as scheduled for re-evaluation and possible cast adjustment or removal. Recovery time varies but typically lasts 4-8 weeks, depending on the severity of the injury.

Alternatives

• Splints or braces: Less restrictive but not as stabilizing.
• Surgical intervention: Required for more severe fractures.
• Functional braces: Allow some movement but may not be suitable for all fractures. Each alternative has different benefits and limitations, and the best option depends on the specific injury and patient needs.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient might feel slight pressure as the cast is applied and molded. Once hardened, the cast can feel heavy and restrictive, causing initial discomfort.

After the procedure, patients should experience notable pain relief and a reduction in movement-related discomfort. Pain management can include over-the-counter pain relievers and applying ice (protected to avoid cast moisture) to reduce swelling.