Name of the Procedure:

Application of Long Leg Cast Brace

Common name(s): Long leg cast, leg cast brace
Technical/medical terms: Long leg immobilization cast

Summary

A long leg cast brace is a type of plaster or fiberglass cast that is applied to the leg, extending from the upper thigh down to the toes. It is used to immobilize the leg in order to allow for proper healing of fractures, ligament injuries, or after certain surgeries.

Purpose

The procedure addresses broken bones, severe sprains, ligament injuries, and post-surgical immobilization in the leg. The primary goal is to stabilize and immobilize the affected leg to allow for proper healing and to prevent further injury.

Indications

• Fractures of the tibia, fibula, or distal femur
• Severe sprains or ligament tears (e.g., ACL, PCL)
• Post-operative care for surgical repairs in the leg
• Congenital deformities requiring immobilization for correction

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast or avoid eating prior to the procedure if anesthesia is involved.
• Medications may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped.
• Diagnostic tests like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs may be required to assess the injury.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, usually lying flat.
2. The affected leg is cleaned and dried.
3. A stockinette is applied over the leg, followed by a layer of padding to protect the skin.
4. The wet plaster or fiberglass material is then wrapped around the leg from the toes to the upper thigh.
5. The cast material is molded and shaped appropriately as it hardens.
6. The cast is allowed to fully harden and set.
7. Final adjustments are made to ensure proper fit and comfort.

Tools/Equipment: Stockinette, padding, plaster or fiberglass casting material, water, scissors
Anesthesia/Sedation: Local or regional anesthesia may be used if manipulation of the bone is required.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or orthopedic center.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon or trained medical professional (casts/orthopedic technician)
• Nursing staff
• Anesthesiologist, if anesthesia is required

Risks and Complications

• Skin irritation, sores, or blisters
• Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis)
• Compartment syndrome (increased pressure within the muscles)
• Cast may become too tight or too loose requiring adjustment
• Delayed healing or improper bone alignment

Benefits

• Effective immobilization of the leg bone to ensure proper healing
• Relief of pain through stabilization
• Prevention of further injury or damage Expected benefits usually become apparent within a few days as the immobilization supports the healing process.

Recovery

• Patients should keep the cast dry and avoid putting weight on the leg initially.
• Follow-up appointments are necessary for cast adjustments and to monitor healing.
• Physical activity may be restricted; crutches or a walker may be needed.
• Recovery time can range from several weeks to a few months, depending on the injury.

Alternatives

• Functional bracing or orthoses
• Surgical intervention (e.g., internal fixation with rods/pins)
• Pros: Offers customizable support, less cumbersome than a cast Cons: May not provide the same level of immobilization, potential for less optimal healing

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient may feel some pressure or warmth as the cast material hardens. Afterward, there might be some initial discomfort or itching. Pain management may include over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed pain medication. Comfort measures like elevating the leg and using ice packs can help manage swelling and discomfort.