Intravenous Infusion of Bamlanivimab and Etesevimab (M0245)

Name of the Procedure

Common Name(s): COVID-19 Antibody Infusion
Technical or Medical Term: Intravenous infusion, bamlanivimab and etesevimab, includes infusion and post-administration monitoring (M0245)

Summary

This medical procedure involves the administration of two monoclonal antibodies, bamlanivimab and etesevimab, through an intravenous infusion. It is designed to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 in patients at high risk for severe disease progression. The procedure includes the infusion itself as well as monitoring the patient for a period afterward to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

Purpose

Medical Conditions Addressed: Mild to moderate COVID-19 infection.
Goals/Outcomes: To reduce the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and complications associated with COVID-19.

Indications

• Symptoms: Early symptoms of COVID-19 (e.g., fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue).
• Patient Criteria: Positive COVID-19 test, high risk for severe disease (e.g., older age, pre-existing medical conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, or obesity).

Preparation

• Pre-procedure Instructions: Patients should inform healthcare providers about any medications they are taking, allergies, and medical history.
• Diagnostic Tests/Assessments: Positive COVID-19 test is required. No fasting or special adjustments typically needed unless specified by the healthcare provider.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is seated or lying down comfortably.
2. An intravenous (IV) line is inserted into a vein in the arm.
3. Bamlanivimab and etesevimab solution is infused over a period of time (usually 20-60 minutes).
4. Vital signs and any immediate reactions are monitored during and after the infusion.
5. Post-infusion observation period of at least one hour is conducted to watch for any adverse effects.

Tools/Equipment Used: IV line, bamlanivimab and etesevimab infusion solution, monitoring equipment (e.g., blood pressure cuff, heart rate monitor).

Anesthesia/Sedation: Not typically required.

Duration

The infusion itself takes approximately 20-60 minutes, with an additional post-infusion monitoring period of at least one hour.

Setting

The procedure is typically performed in:

• Hospitals
• Outpatient clinics
• Special infusion centers

Personnel

• Healthcare Professionals Involved: Registered nurses, physicians, healthcare assistants.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Mild reactions such as headache, chills, or infusion site reactions (e.g., pain, redness, swelling).
• Rare Risks: Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), worsening of COVID-19 symptoms.
• Management: Immediate medical intervention in case of severe reaction, supportive care as needed.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Reduced severity of COVID-19 symptoms, decreased likelihood of hospitalization and severe complications.
• Timeline for Benefits: Benefits can be observed within a few days following the procedure.

Recovery

• Post-procedure Care: Patients should rest, stay hydrated, and follow any specific instructions provided by healthcare professionals.
• Expected Recovery Time: Most patients can resume normal activities within a day.
• Follow-up: Patients should monitor for any delayed reactions and report them to their healthcare provider. Follow-up appointment may be scheduled if needed.

Alternatives

• Other Treatments: Other monoclonal antibodies, antivirals (e.g., remdesivir), supportive care, and home isolation.
• Pros and Cons: Alternatives may vary in effectiveness and accessibility. The choice of treatment depends on individual health status, availability, and healthcare provider recommendations.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: Patients may feel the insertion of the IV needle and the sensation of the infusion. Some may experience mild side effects such as headache or chills.
• Pain Management: Local pain at the IV site can be managed with over-the-counter pain relief measures if needed. Comfort measures include a comfortable position during infusion and reassurance from healthcare staff.