Name of the Procedure:

• Common name: Intrauterine Copper Contraceptive (IUD)
• Technical term: Intrauterine Device (Copper T IUD), HCPCS code: J7300

Summary

The intrauterine copper contraceptive is a small, T-shaped device made of plastic and copper that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It functions by releasing copper ions which are toxic to sperm, thereby preventing fertilization.

Purpose

The primary purpose of this procedure is to provide long-term contraception. The device is highly effective in preventing pregnancy and can remain in place for up to 10 years.

Indications

• Women seeking long-term, reversible contraception.
• Patients who prefer non-hormonal birth control methods.
• Women who want an effective and low-maintenance contraceptive option.

Preparation

• No fasting is typically required.
• The patient may be advised to take over-the-counter pain relief before the procedure.
• A pelvic exam will be conducted prior to insertion.
• A pregnancy test may be required to ensure the patient is not pregnant.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an examination table in the lithotomy position.
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to hold it open.
3. The cervix is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
4. The healthcare provider measures the depth of the uterus using a uterine sound.
5. The IUD is then inserted through the cervix into the uterus using a special applicator.
6. The applicator is removed, leaving the IUD in place.
7. The strings attached to the IUD are trimmed to an appropriate length.

Tools/Technology Used:

• Speculum
• Uterine sound
• IUD insertion applicator

Anesthesia:

• Typically, local anesthesia is not required, but some providers may use a numbing gel or local anesthetic to reduce discomfort.

Duration

The procedure usually takes about 5-15 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a doctor’s office or an outpatient clinic.

Personnel

• A gynecologist or trained healthcare provider performs the insertion.
• A nurse or medical assistant may be present to assist.

Risks and Complications

• Common: Cramping, spotting, and discomfort immediately after insertion.
• Rare: Uterine perforation, infection, and expulsion of the IUD.
• Management: Patients are advised to monitor for signs of complications and follow up with their healthcare provider as needed.

Benefits

• Highly effective contraception (over 99% effective).
• Long-term protection (up to 10 years).
• Hormone-free, suitable for those who cannot or prefer not to use hormonal methods.
• Immediate return to fertility upon removal.

Recovery

• Patients are advised to rest for a short period post-procedure.
• Mild cramping and spotting may occur for a few days.
• Avoiding intercourse and tampons for 24-48 hours may be recommended.
• Follow-up appointment usually at 4-6 weeks to ensure correct placement.

Alternatives

• Hormonal IUD
• Contraceptive implants
• Birth control pills
• Barrier methods (e.g., condoms, diaphragms)
• Considerations: Each alternative has its own set of benefits and drawbacks regarding efficacy, side effects, and user preference.

Patient Experience

• During: Some cramping or discomfort, similar to menstrual cramps, may be experienced.
• After: Mild cramping and spotting for a few days; pain relief can be managed with over-the-counter medication such as ibuprofen. Patients can resume normal activities shortly after.
• Comfort: Discuss any concerns with the healthcare provider to ensure the procedure is as comfortable as possible.