Name of the Procedure:

Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD) Insertion
Technical Term: Cu-IUD Insertion

Summary

A Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD) insertion is a procedure where a small, T-shaped device made of plastic and copper is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The copper acts as a spermicide, thereby inhibiting sperm movement and egg fertilization.

Purpose

The primary purpose is to offer long-term contraception.
Goals: Effective and reversible birth control lasting up to 10-12 years.

Indications

• Desire for long-term, non-hormonal contraception.
• Patients who prefer a reversible birth control method.
• Women who may have contraindications to hormonal contraceptives.

Preparation

• Complete medical history and pelvic exam.
• Pregnancy test to ensure the patient is not pregnant.
• Some doctors may prescribe pain relief medication to be taken before the procedure.
• Instructions may include eating lightly and ensuring a bladder is not overly full.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an exam table with feet placed in stirrups.
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to view the cervix.
3. The cervix and vagina are cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
4. A tenaculum may be used to hold the cervix steady.
5. A uterine sound measures the depth of the uterus.
6. The Copper IUD is then placed into a special inserter tube.
7. The inserter tube is gently guided through the cervix into the uterus.
8. The IUD is deployed, and the inserter tube is removed.
9. Strings attached to the IUD will extend into the vagina to facilitate later removal and allow the patient to check the IUD placement.

Tools: Speculum, tenaculum, uterine sound, IUD inserter
Anesthesia: Generally no anesthesia; sometimes local anesthetic or mild sedation if needed

Duration

Approximately 5-15 minutes.

Setting

Typically performed in a doctor's office, outpatient clinic, or family planning clinic.

Personnel

• Healthcare provider (gynecologist or trained clinician)
• Nurse or medical assistant may be present

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or cramping during and after insertion
• Possible spotting or irregular periods
• Rare risks: infection, device expulsion, uterine perforation

Benefits

• Long-acting (10-12 years).
• Hormone-free method of contraception.
• Little need for ongoing maintenance or daily attention.
• Fertility typically returns immediately after removal.

Recovery

• Patients may experience cramping or light bleeding for a few days.
• Over-the-counter pain relievers often help manage discomfort.
• Avoid inserting anything into the vagina (like tampons) for the initial 24-48 hours.
• Follow-up appointment usually scheduled 4-6 weeks after insertion.

Alternatives

• Hormonal IUDs (e.g., Mirena)
• Oral contraceptive pills
• Contraceptive implants
• Barrier methods (e.g., condoms, diaphragms)

Pros and Cons:

• Copper IUD: Long-term, no hormones, can worsen menstrual cramps and bleeding.
• Hormonal methods: Can help with menstrual symptoms, need regular upkeep.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel cramping or mild pain during the procedure, which can be managed with pain medication. After the procedure, some discomfort similar to menstrual cramps may persist. Most patients resume normal activities within a day or two.