Name of the Procedure:

Preoperative IV Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Surgical Site Infection (SSI) (HCPCS Code G8916)

Summary

Before surgery, patients often receive an IV antibiotic to prevent infections at the surgical site. This antibiotic is given within a specific time frame before the surgery begins to ensure it is effective.

Purpose

The goal is to reduce the risk of infections that can occur after surgery. These infections can lead to serious complications, longer hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs.

Indications

Patients undergoing surgeries that are at high risk of infection. This includes but is not limited to abdominal operations, orthopedic surgeries, and procedures that involve implanting medical devices.

Preparation

Patients are instructed to inform their healthcare provider about any allergies or current medications. No special preparation like fasting is usually required solely for the administration of antibiotics.

Procedure Description

1. Assessment: Medical staff review the surgical plan and patient’s medical history.
2. Selection of Antibiotic: Based on the type of surgery and patient allergies.
3. IV Line Placement: A sterile IV line is inserted into a vein, usually in the arm.
4. Administration: The selected antibiotic is administered through the IV.
5. Timing: Antibiotic is given typically within 60 minutes prior to the incision to ensure optimal efficacy.

Duration

The administration of the antibiotic usually takes about 15-30 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a hospital setting, typically in the preoperative area or surgical preparation room.

Personnel

• Nurse: Inserts the IV line and administers the antibiotic.
• Pharmacist: May prepare the antibiotic solution.
• Surgeon/Anesthesiologist: Oversee the process to ensure timing and selection are appropriate.

Risks and Complications

• Common: Mild allergic reactions, local discomfort at the IV site.
• Rare: Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), antibiotic resistance, or interactions with other medications.

Benefits

Significantly lowers the risk of postoperative infections, leading to faster recovery and fewer complications.

Recovery

Patients can usually proceed with surgery immediately after the administration of the antibiotic. Postoperatively, they will be monitored for signs of infection and may receive additional antibiotics if necessary.

Alternatives

• Oral Antibiotics: Generally less effective due to timing and absorption issues.
• No Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Significantly higher risk of infection, not recommended.
• Local Antibiotic Applications: Sometimes used in conjunction, but not standalone.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel a brief discomfort or pinch when the IV is inserted. The antibiotic solution itself usually doesn't cause any sensation. Post-procedure, patients will be closely monitored to ensure there are no adverse reactions to the antibiotic.

Pain management during and after surgery will be handled as part of the overall surgical care plan.