Name of the Procedure:

Duplex Scan of Lower Extremity Arteries or Arterial Bypass Grafts; Unilateral or Limited Study

Summary

A duplex scan is a non-invasive imaging test that evaluates blood flow and structures of the arteries in the lower extremities, or in arterial bypass grafts, typically in one leg or in a specific limited area.

Purpose

This procedure identifies blockages, narrowing, or other anomalies in the arteries of the legs. The goal is to assess blood flow, diagnose conditions such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), and evaluate the success of arterial bypass grafts.

Indications

• Symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD) such as leg pain while walking (claudication), numbness, or coldness in the lower extremities.
• Follow-up of existing arterial bypass grafts.
• Unilateral leg swelling or ulcers that do not heal.
• Pre-surgical evaluation for vascular procedures.

Preparation

• No specific fasting requirements.
• Wear loose, comfortable clothing.
• Bring any previous imaging records if available.
• Inform the doctor of all medications and allergies.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an examination table.
2. A conductive gel is applied to the skin over the area being examined.
3. A handheld transducer is moved over the skin to emit sound waves that create images of the arteries.
4. Doppler ultrasound measures the speed and direction of blood flow.
5. Images and blood flow measurements are recorded for analysis.

Duration

Approximately 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Outpatient clinic or hospital radiology department.

Personnel

• Vascular technologist or sonographer
• Radiologist or vascular surgeon (for interpreting results)

Risks and Complications

• Generally safe with no known risks.
• Rarely, discomfort from the pressure of the transducer.

Benefits

• Non-invasive with immediate results.
• Accurate detection of arterial blockages or narrowing.
• Assesses the effectiveness of arterial bypass grafts.

Recovery

• No recovery time needed.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the scan.
• Follow-up appointments might be scheduled based on the results.

Alternatives

• CT Angiography: More detailed imaging but involves radiation exposure.
• Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA): No radiation but not suitable for patients with metal implants.
• Arteriography: Invasive with higher risk but provides detailed imaging.

Patient Experience

• The patient may feel slight pressure from the transducer.
• The gel may feel cold when applied.
• Minimal discomfort, if any, is typically experienced.
• No pain or sedation is involved, ensuring a quick return to daily activities.