Breath hydrogen or methane test (eg, for detection of lactase deficiency, fructose intolerance, bacterial overgrowth, or oro-cecal gastrointestinal transit)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Breath Hydrogen or Methane Test (e.g., for detection of lactase deficiency, fructose intolerance, bacterial overgrowth, or oro-cecal gastrointestinal transit)
Summary
A Breath Hydrogen or Methane Test is a non-invasive procedure used to diagnose certain gastrointestinal conditions by measuring the levels of hydrogen and methane in the breath after the ingestion of specific sugars.
Purpose
This test helps to identify:
- Lactase deficiency (lactose intolerance)
- Fructose intolerance
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)
- Oro-cecal transit time disorders
The goal is to diagnose these conditions accurately so appropriate treatment or dietary adjustments can be implemented.
Indications
- Chronic bloating, gas, and abdominal discomfort
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Unexplained weight loss
- Suspected food intolerances
- Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms despite treatment
Preparation
- Fast for 8-12 hours before the test.
- Avoid certain foods and medications for 24 hours before the test, as instructed by your healthcare provider.
- You may be advised to follow a special diet 1-2 days before the test.
Procedure Description
- The patient provides a baseline breath sample by blowing into a collection device.
- The patient then consumes a specific sugar solution (e.g., lactose, fructose, or glucose).
- Breath samples are collected at regular intervals over the next 2-3 hours.
- The collected breath samples are analyzed for hydrogen and methane levels.
No anesthesia or sedation is required for this procedure.
Duration
The entire procedure typically takes about 2-3 hours.
Setting
The test is usually performed in an outpatient clinic or a hospital diagnostic center.
Personnel
The procedure is conducted by a trained healthcare professional, such as a nurse or a laboratory technician.
Risks and Complications
- Minimal risk of discomfort from bloating or gas during the test.
- Rarely, a patient might experience nausea or abdominal cramping.
- There are no significant risks or complications associated with this test.
Benefits
- Helps in identifying specific gastrointestinal disorders for targeted treatment.
- Non-invasive and relatively easy to perform.
- Provides timely results for quicker diagnosis and management.
Recovery
- No specific recovery time is required.
- Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the test.
- Follow any specific post-procedure instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
Alternatives
- Lactose or fructose tolerance blood tests.
- Endoscopy with biopsies for more invasive assessment.
- Stool tests for various digestive disorders.
Pros and Cons:
- Breath tests are non-invasive and simpler compared to endoscopies.
- Endoscopies might be more accurate but carry higher risk and discomfort.
Patient Experience
- The test is generally well-tolerated.
- Patients may experience some bloating or gas due to the ingestion of the sugar solution.
- Any discomfort is usually mild and temporary.
- No significant pain is involved, and no sedation is necessary.