83009 Helicobacter pylori, blood test analysis for urease activity, non-radioactive isotope (eg, C-13)

Name of the Procedure:

Helicobacter pylori, blood test analysis for urease activity, non-radioactive isotope (e.g., C-13)

• Common Names: H. pylori blood test, C-13 urea breath test

Summary

The Helicobacter pylori blood test using a non-radioactive isotope (C-13) measures urease activity to detect the presence of H. pylori bacteria in the stomach. H. pylori is a common cause of stomach ulcers and other gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose

• Medical Condition: Detects infection with Helicobacter pylori, which can cause stomach ulcers and gastritis.
• Goals: Identify the presence of H. pylori to guide appropriate treatment and management, reducing risk of ulcers and improving gastrointestinal health.

Indications

• Symptoms like persistent stomach pain, bloating, nausea, or unexplained indigestion.
• History of stomach ulcers or gastritis.
• Patients who need confirmation of H. pylori eradication after treatment.

Preparation

• Fasting: Typically, patients may be asked to fast for a specified period before the test.
• Medications: Patients may need to stop taking certain medications, such as antibiotics or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), prior to the test.
• Assessments: No extensive diagnostic tests are needed beforehand, but a simple breath test may be used alongside the blood test for confirmation.

Procedure Description

1. Blood Sample Collection: A healthcare provider will draw a small amount of blood from the patient's vein, typically in the arm.
2. Isotope Administration: The patient may be given a small amount of C-13 labeled urea to ingest.
3. Waiting Period: The patient waits for a specified time to allow the urea to process in the stomach.
4. Analysis: The blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory to detect the presence of C-13, indicating urease activity from H. pylori bacteria.
   • Tools: Standard blood draw equipment, C-13 labeled urea.
   • Anesthesia: Not required as the procedure is non-invasive.

Duration

The blood draw takes a few minutes, but the entire process including waiting periods may take around 30-60 minutes.

Setting

Typically performed in an outpatient clinic or hospital laboratory.

Personnel

• Phlebotomist or nurse for blood draw.
• Laboratory technician for analysis.
• Physician for interpreting results.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Minimal, primarily associated with blood draw (e.g., bruising, slight discomfort).
• Rare Risks: Very low risk of infection at the venipuncture site.

Benefits

• Accurate Detection: High accuracy in detecting H. pylori infection.
• Non-invasive: Simple procedure with minimal discomfort.
• Quick Results: Results are typically available within a few days.

Recovery

• Post-procedure: Minimal recovery required; patients can resume normal activities immediately.
• Follow-up: Physician consultation to discuss results and potential treatment.

Alternatives

• Endoscopy with Biopsy: More invasive, involves visual inspection and tissue sample collection.
• Stool Antigen Test: Non-invasive, analyzes stool sample for H. pylori presence.
• Pros and Cons: Breath and stool tests are non-invasive but may be less accurate than biopsies; endoscopy is more accurate but invasive.

Patient Experience

• During Procedure: Mild discomfort from blood draw, easy ingestion of the urea substance.
• After Procedure: Slight bruising at the blood draw site; generally, no significant discomfort.
• Pain Management: None typically required due to the non-invasive nature of the procedure.