Name of the Procedure:

Urea Breath Test, C-14 (isotopic); acquisition for analysis
(Common name: C-14 Urea Breath Test)

Summary

The C-14 Urea Breath Test is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure used to detect Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in the stomach. H. pylori is a type of bacteria that can cause ulcers and other gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose

The purpose of the C-14 Urea Breath Test is to identify an H. pylori infection. The test helps in diagnosing the cause of symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, and indigestion. Early detection and treatment of H. pylori infections can prevent complications like peptic ulcers and even stomach cancer.

Indications

• Persistent stomach pain or discomfort.
• History of peptic ulcers.
• Symptoms of gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining).
• Unexplained weight loss.
• Nausea or loss of appetite.

Preparation

• Do not eat or drink for at least 4-6 hours before the test.
• Avoid antibiotics and certain medications (like proton pump inhibitors) for two weeks before the test, as they can affect results.
• Inform your doctor of any medications you are currently taking.

Procedure Description

1. The patient ingests a capsule or liquid containing a small amount of radioactive C-14 labeled urea.
2. If H. pylori bacteria are present in the stomach, they will break down the urea, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2).
3. The patient exhales into a special collection bag or device at designated intervals.
4. The exhaled breath sample is then analyzed for the presence of radioactive CO2.
5. A positive result indicates an H. pylori infection.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 20-30 minutes, including preparation and breath sample collection.

Setting

The test can be performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or specialized diagnostic center.

Personnel

• A nurse or medical technician usually administers the test.
• A gastroenterologist or primary care physician interprets the results.

Risks and Complications

• The procedure is very safe with minimal risk.
• Rare complications may include minor discomfort from fasting.
• There is a minute exposure to radiation, but it is considered very low and safe.

Benefits

• Accurate detection of H. pylori infection.
• Non-invasive and painless.
• Quick and efficient.
• Allows for targeted treatment, improving patient outcomes.

Recovery

• No special recovery instructions.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the test.
• No dietary restrictions post-test.
• Follow any additional instructions provided by the healthcare provider.

Alternatives

• Blood tests for H. pylori antibodies (less accurate).
• Stool antigen test (non-invasive, similar accuracy).
• Endoscopy with biopsy (invasive, more accurate, recommended if an ulcer is suspected).

Patient Experience

• The patient will need to ingest a urea-containing capsule or liquid.
• Breathing into a collection device should cause no discomfort.
• Most patients report the test as easy and pain-free.
• Any radiation exposure is minimal and poses no significant health risk.

Overall, the C-14 Urea Breath Test is a straightforward, safe, and reliable diagnostic tool for detecting H. pylori infections.