Name of the Procedure:

Nasal Smear for Eosinophils
Common Names: Nasal eosinophil smear, Nasal cytology

Summary

A nasal smear for eosinophils is a diagnostic test that involves collecting a sample of mucus from the inside of the nose to check for the presence of eosinophils. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in allergic responses and inflammation.

Purpose

Medical Condition: This procedure is primarily used to diagnose allergic rhinitis or other nasal inflammation conditions. Goals: The goal is to determine whether allergies or other inflammatory conditions are causing the patient’s nasal symptoms.

Indications

• Persistent nasal congestion
• Runny nose (rhinorrhea)
• Sneezing
• Nasal itching
• Suspected allergic rhinitis or other nasal inflammation

Preparation

• No specific preparation is usually required.
• Patients should avoid using nasal sprays or decongestants before the test, as these may alter the sample.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is seated comfortably.
2. A healthcare professional gently inserts a small, sterile swab or a plastic spatula into the patient's nostril.
3. The swab is rotated or wiped along the mucous membranes to collect a sample of nasal mucus.
4. The sample is then placed on a glass slide and stained for microscopic examination.

Tools Used: Sterile swab or plastic spatula, glass slide, staining materials, microscope.

Anesthesia: None required.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 5-10 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in an outpatient clinic or a doctor’s office.

Personnel

• ENT specialist (Otolaryngologist)
• Primary care physician
• Trained nurse or medical assistant

Risks and Complications

• Minor discomfort or irritation in the nostrils.
• Rarely, minor bleeding might occur.
• No significant risks or complications are generally associated with this procedure.

Benefits

• Accurate detection of eosinophils, helping to confirm a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.
• Can guide appropriate treatment for allergies or nasal inflammation.

Recovery

• Patients can return to their normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• No specific post-procedure care is required.

Alternatives

• Blood test for eosinophils (less specific to nasal inflammation).
• Skin prick test (for identifying specific allergens).
• Intranasal cytology for other cell types besides eosinophils.

Pros of Nasal Smear: Direct detection of eosinophils within the nasal cavity.

Cons of Alternatives: May not provide as specific information about nasal inflammation.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel a brief, mild discomfort during the swabbing process, similar to a tickling or slight pressure in the nostril. Post-procedure, there is typically no pain, and normal activities can be resumed immediately.