87190 Susceptibility studies, antimicrobial agent; mycobacteria, proportion method, each agent

Name of the Procedure:

Susceptibility Studies, Antimicrobial Agent; Mycobacteria, Proportion Method, Each Agent

Summary

This is a laboratory test that determines the effectiveness of different antibiotics in treating infections caused by mycobacteria, such as tuberculosis. The "proportion method" calculates the percentage of bacteria that are resistant to various drugs.

Purpose

Medical Condition or Problem Addressed

• Determines the most effective antibiotic treatment for infections caused by mycobacteria.
• Helps in managing and controlling the spread of antibiotic-resistant mycobacteria.

## Goals or Expected Outcomes

• Identify the best antibiotics for treating the infection.
• Guide treatment plans to improve patient outcomes and reduce antibiotic resistance.

Indications

Specific Symptoms or Conditions

• Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis or other mycobacterial infections.
• Cases where initial antibiotic treatments have failed or resistance is suspected.

## Patient Criteria or Factors

• Evidence of mycobacterial infection from clinical symptoms or diagnostic tests.
• Need to tailor antibiotic therapy based on susceptibility results.

Preparation

Pre-Procedure Instructions

• No specific preparation needed from the patient side.
• Collection of clinical samples (e.g., sputum, tissue) as per standard protocols.

## Diagnostic Tests or Assessments Required

• Preliminary identification of mycobacteria through microscopy, culture, or other methods.

Procedure Description

Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation

1. A sample containing mycobacteria is cultured in a laboratory.
2. The cultured bacteria are exposed to various concentrations of different antibiotics.
3. The proportion of bacteria that grow despite the presence of the antibiotic is calculated.

Tools, Equipment, or Technology

• Culture media and incubators.
• Antibiotic solutions.
• Microscopy or automated systems for measuring growth.

Anesthesia or Sedation Details

• Not applicable, as this is a lab-based test.

Duration

• The procedure typically takes several weeks, as mycobacteria grow slowly.

Setting

• Performed in a specialized microbiology laboratory within a hospital or research facility.

Personnel

• Clinical microbiologists.
• Laboratory technicians.

Risks and Complications

Common and Rare Risks

• No risks to the patient, as this is an in vitro lab procedure.

## Possible Complications

• Not applicable.

Benefits

Expected Benefits

• Accurate identification of effective antibiotics.
• Improved treatment outcomes for patients.
• Reduced spread of resistant mycobacterial strains.

Realization Timeline

• Results are typically available within a few weeks.

Recovery

Post-Procedure Care and Instructions

• No specific care required post-procedure.

Expected Recovery Time

• Not applicable.

## Any Restrictions or Follow-Up Appointments

• Follow-up will be based on clinical treatment plans using the test results.

Alternatives

Other Treatment Options

• Empirical antibiotic treatment based on standard guidelines.
• Molecular diagnostic methods to identify resistance (e.g., PCR).

Pros and Cons of Alternatives

• Alternatives may be faster but less precise.
• Molecular methods are quicker but might not cover all resistance mechanisms.

Patient Experience

During the Procedure

• No direct patient involvement during the lab analysis.

After the Procedure

• Follow-up consultations based on the results to tailor the antibiotic treatment.
• No pain management required as this is a lab-level test and not invasive to the patient.