Culture, fungi (mold or yeast) isolation, with presumptive identification of isolates; skin, hair, or nail
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Culture, fungi (mold or yeast) isolation, with presumptive identification of isolates; skin, hair, or nail.
Summary
In this procedure, a sample from your skin, hair, or nails is taken to isolate and identify fungal microorganisms, such as molds or yeasts. The test helps diagnose fungal infections by growing the fungi in a lab for identification.
Purpose
The purpose of this procedure is to diagnose and identify fungal infections on the skin, hair, or nails. The goal is to determine the specific type of fungus causing the infection, which helps in selecting the most effective treatment.
Indications
- Persistent, unexplained skin rashes or lesions.
- Thickened, discolored, or brittle nails.
- Scaly, itchy patches on the scalp or elsewhere on the body.
- Hair loss with scalp flaking.
- Suspicion of dermatophyte infections (e.g., ringworm).
Preparation
- Ensure the area to be tested is clean and dry.
- Avoid using topical antifungal treatments, creams, or lotions on the affected area for at least 24 hours before the test.
- Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are currently taking.
Procedure Description
- A healthcare provider will use a sterile tool to gently scrape the affected skin, clip a piece of nail, or pluck a few hairs.
- The collected sample is placed into specific culture media that encourage fungal growth.
- The sample is then incubated for several days to weeks, allowing any fungi present to grow.
- Laboratory technicians monitor the culture to isolate and preliminarily identify the fungi based on their appearance and growth characteristics.
Duration
Collecting the sample takes only a few minutes. However, growing the fungi in the lab can take from a few days to several weeks, depending on the organism.
Setting
The sample collection is typically performed in a doctor's office, outpatient clinic, or dermatology clinic. The actual culture is grown in a laboratory.
Personnel
- Dermatologist or general physician for sample collection.
- Laboratory technicians for culturing and identification of the fungi.
Risks and Complications
- Minimal discomfort or slight bleeding at the sample collection site.
- Rare risk of infection at the collection site.
- Possible delay in diagnosis while waiting for culture growth.
Benefits
- Accurate identification of the infectious fungus.
- Targeted treatment based on the specific type of fungus.
- Potential relief of symptoms once appropriate treatment begins.
Recovery
- No significant recovery time is needed from the sample collection.
- Follow any hygiene or topical treatment instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
- Attend any follow-up appointments to review lab results and treatment options.
Alternatives
- Direct microscopy of samples stained with specific dyes.
- Molecular tests like PCR to detect fungal DNA.
- Skin biopsy for histopathological examination.
Patient Experience
- You may feel a slight scraping sensation during sample collection.
- Mild discomfort can occur if the affected area is sensitive.
- Pain management is generally not necessary, but a topical anesthetic may be used upon request.
- Post-procedure, there are no significant restrictions or discomfort expected.