Blood bank physician services; difficult cross match and/or evaluation of irregular antibody(s), interpretation and written report
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Blood bank physician services; difficult cross match and/or evaluation of irregular antibody(s), interpretation, and written report
Summary
This procedure involves a blood bank physician conducting specialized testing to identify irregular antibodies that can complicate blood transfusions. The physician interprets the results and provides a detailed report to guide safe blood transfusion practices.
Purpose
The procedure is designed to identify and evaluate irregular antibodies in a patient's blood, which may complicate transfusions. The goal is to ensure that transfusions are safe and effective, preventing adverse reactions.
Indications
- History of transfusion reactions
- Patients with autoimmune disorders
- Pre-transfusion testing requirements
- Pregnancy, where antibodies may complicate fetal blood compatibility
- Patients with a history of multiple transfusions
Preparation
- No fasting is typically required.
- Inform the healthcare provider about any medications or supplements being taken.
- Blood samples will be drawn for testing.
Procedure Description
- A blood sample is taken from the patient.
- The blood is tested in the lab to identify any irregular antibodies using techniques like the indirect Coombs test.
- The blood bank physician interprets the test results, identifying any antibodies that could pose a risk during transfusion.
- A detailed written report is generated, summarizing the findings and providing recommendations for safe transfusion practices.
Duration
The entire process usually takes several hours to a few days, depending on the complexity of the antibodies.
Setting
This procedure is performed in a hospital or specialized laboratory setting.
Personnel
- Blood bank physician
- Medical technologists
- Phlebotomist (for drawing blood samples)
Risks and Complications
- Minor bruising or discomfort at the blood draw site
- Rarely, hemolytic reactions if irregular antibodies are not correctly identified
- Potential delay in transfusion if extensive antibody testing is required
Benefits
- Enhanced safety of blood transfusions
- Prevention of transfusion reactions
- Better management of patients with complex antibody profiles
Recovery
There is no recovery time required from the testing itself. Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the blood draw.
Alternatives
- Standard cross-matching techniques (less effective for those with irregular antibodies)
- Autologous transfusion (using the patient’s own blood)
- Directed donations from specific donors whose blood is known to be compatible
Patient Experience
- Minimal discomfort during blood draw
- No significant pain or recovery time
- Clear and actionable report provided to ensure safe transfusion practices