Name of the Procedure:

SEPT9 (Septin9) Promoter Methylation Analysis

Summary

The SEPT9 promoter methylation analysis is a DNA-based blood test used to detect colorectal cancer by identifying specific changes (methylation) in the SEPT9 gene, which is often associated with cancerous cells.

Purpose

This procedure aims to screen for colorectal cancer. The primary goal is to detect cancer early when treatment is more likely to be effective, improving patient outcomes and survival rates.

Indications

• Individuals with average risk of colorectal cancer, typically starting at age 50.
• Patients with a family history of colorectal cancer.
• Individuals who are unable or unwilling to undergo traditional colorectal cancer screening methods such as colonoscopy.

Preparation

• No special dietary restrictions or fasting requirements.
• It's recommended to inform the healthcare provider about any medications currently being taken.
• Regular history and physical examination.

Procedure Description

1. Blood Sample Collection: A blood sample is drawn from the patient, typically from a vein in the arm.
2. Laboratory Analysis: The blood sample is sent to a laboratory where it undergoes DNA extraction.
3. Methylation Detection: Using specialized equipment, the lab identifies the presence of methylated SEPT9 DNA, which is an indicator of colorectal cancer.

Duration

The blood sample collection takes about 5-10 minutes. Laboratory analysis can take several days to a week.

Setting

• Outpatient clinic
• Medical laboratory

Personnel

• Phlebotomist for blood sample collection
• Laboratory technicians and molecular biologists for DNA analysis

Risks and Complications

• Minor discomfort or bruising at the blood draw site.
• Rarely, infection or excessive bleeding at the puncture site.

Benefits

• Non-invasive compared to colonoscopy.
• Early detection of colorectal cancer.
• No need for bowel preparation or sedation.

Recovery

• No downtime required following blood sample collection.
• Normal activities can be resumed immediately.

Alternatives

• Colonoscopy: More comprehensive but invasive; requires bowel preparation.
• Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT): Non-invasive stool test but requires stool sample.
• CT Colonography: Non-invasive imaging but exposes the patient to radiation.

Patient Experience

• The patient will experience a quick blood draw, similar to other routine blood tests.
• Minimal pain or discomfort from the needle stick.
• Results will be communicated by the healthcare provider, typically within a week.
• Regular follow-up visits may be recommended based on the results.