Thyroid imaging (including vascular flow, when performed); with single or multiple uptake(s) quantitative measurement(s) (including stimulation, suppression, or discharge, when performed)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Thyroid Imaging (Including Vascular Flow, When Performed) with Uptake Measurement and Quantitative Analysis (Including Stimulation, Suppression, or Discharge When Performed)
Summary
Thyroid imaging is a diagnostic procedure that uses imaging technology to assess the thyroid gland's structure and function. It often includes measuring blood flow and the gland's uptake of certain substances. The procedure can involve stimulation, suppression, or discharge tests to evaluate thyroid activity quantitatively.
Purpose
Thyroid imaging helps diagnose thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. The goal is to gather detailed information about the thyroid's shape, size, function, and blood flow to guide treatment decisions.
Indications
- Unexplained thyroid gland enlargement
- Symptoms of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
- Presence of thyroid nodules or lumps
- Monitoring treatment response in thyroid disease
- Evaluating thyroid blood flow
- Suspicion of thyroid cancer
Preparation
- Fasting for a specified period before the test
- Discontinuation of certain medications (under doctor's advice)
- Thyroid function tests (blood work) may be required beforehand
Procedure Description
- The patient arrives at the imaging center, typically in an outpatient setting.
- A radiotracer or radioactive iodine is administered orally or intravenously.
- The patient waits a specific time for the substance to be absorbed by the thyroid.
- Imaging is performed using a gamma camera or ultrasound to capture detailed pictures and measure blood flow.
- If quantitative measurements are needed, additional stimulation or suppression tests may be conducted using special medications.
- The healthcare provider analyzes the images and uptake data to assess thyroid function and pathology.
Duration
The entire procedure, including preparation and imaging, typically takes 1 to 2 hours.
Setting
Outpatient clinic or hospital radiology department
Personnel
- Radiologist or nuclear medicine specialist
- Radiologic technologist
- Nurse (if intravenous access or additional monitoring is required)
Risks and Complications
- Mild discomfort or bruising at injection site
- Allergic reaction to radiotracer (rare)
- Temporary radiation exposure (minimal risk)
Benefits
- Non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of thyroid conditions
- Helps guide treatment decisions effectively
- Real-time assessment of thyroid blood flow and function
Recovery
- Most patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure
- Follow any specific instructions given by the healthcare provider
- Schedule follow-up appointments as recommended
Alternatives
- Blood tests for thyroid hormone levels
- Fine-needle aspiration biopsy for nodules
- Ultrasound without radiotracer
- CT or MRI of the neck (less specific for thyroid function)
Patient Experience
- Mild discomfort from needle injection (if used)
- Lying still for the duration of the imaging process
- Minimal pain and generally well-tolerated
- Clear instructions from medical staff help minimize anxiety and ensure comfort