Name of the Procedure:

Cystography (Cystogram) - Radiological Supervision and Interpretation, Minimum of 3 Views

Summary

Cystography is an imaging procedure that examines the bladder using X-rays. A special dye is introduced into the bladder to highlight internal structures, allowing for detailed visualization by radiologists.

Purpose

Cystography is used to diagnose issues within the bladder. It helps in identifying problems such as bladder tears, tumors, or structural abnormalities. The goal is to provide a clear and detailed image of the bladder to aid in accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.

Indications

• Persistent urinary tract infections
• Blood in urine (hematuria)
• Bladder trauma or suspected injury
• Structural abnormalities of the bladder
• Suspected bladder tumors or stones
• Urinary incontinence or difficulty urinating

Preparation

• The patient may be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
• Hydration instructions might be provided to ensure the bladder is adequately filled.
• Adjustments to medications may be required, especially if the patient is on blood thinners.
• A preliminary urine test might be conducted to rule out infection.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an X-ray table.
2. A catheter is gently inserted through the urethra into the bladder.
3. A contrast dye is introduced through the catheter to fill the bladder.
4. With the dye in place, a series of X-rays are taken from at least three different angles.
5. The radiologist supervises the procedure and interprets the images to identify any abnormalities.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Cystography is usually performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• Radiologic technologist
• Registered nurse (for patient preparation and support)

Risks and Complications

• Discomfort during catheter insertion
• Allergic reaction to contrast dye
• Infection at the catheter insertion site
• Bladder perforation (rare)
• Radiation exposure, though minimal and within safe limits

Benefits

• Provides detailed visualization of the bladder
• Aids in accurate diagnosis of bladder conditions
• Helps to devise appropriate treatment plans
• Non-invasive with minimal recovery time

Recovery

• Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush the dye from the system.
• Mild discomfort during urination may occur but should subside quickly.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results and next steps.

Alternatives

• Ultrasound of the bladder: Non-invasive but may not provide the same level of detail.
• CT cystography: More detailed but involves higher radiation exposure.
• MRI of the bladder: Detailed imaging without radiation but less commonly used.
• Cystoscopy: Direct visual inspection of the bladder but is more invasive.

Patient Experience

• The patient might feel some discomfort during catheter insertion and a sensation of fullness as the bladder fills with dye.
• Post-procedure, there may be a slight burning sensation during urination for a short period.
• Pain management measures include hydration and possibly a mild analgesic if discomfort persists.