Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the Chest (excluding myocardium), with or without contrast material(s).

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the chest is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize blood vessels in the chest. It uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images, sometimes enhanced with a contrast material.

Purpose

MRA of the chest is used to detect issues related to blood vessels, such as blockages, aneurysms, or other abnormalities. The goal is to provide clear images that help in diagnosing and planning treatment for vascular problems in the chest area.

Indications

• Suspected blood clots or blockages in the lung arteries.
• Aneurysms in the chest blood vessels.
• Arterial stenosis or narrowing.
• Vascular malformations or congenital heart disease.
• Abnormal findings on other imaging tests.
• Unexplained chest pain or shortness of breath.

Preparation

• Follow fasting instructions for 4-6 hours before the procedure if contrast material is used.
• Inform the doctor of any medications, allergies, or kidney issues.
• Remove any metal objects (jewelry, watches) before the scan.
• May undergo preliminary blood tests to assess kidney function if contrast is to be used.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an exam table that slides into the MRI machine.
2. An MRI technologist positions the patient and may use cushions to ensure stillness.
3. If contrast is used, an IV line is placed in a vein for the contrast injection.
4. The MRI machine creates a magnetic field and radio waves to gather images of the blood vessels.
5. The patient must remain still and may need to hold their breath briefly during scanning.
6. The procedure is monitored from an adjacent room, with communication maintained through a microphone.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes 30 to 60 minutes, depending on whether contrast material is used.

Setting

MRA of the chest is performed in a hospital's radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• MRI technologist
• Nurse (if contrast material is used)

Risks and Complications

• Minor risk of allergic reaction to contrast material.
• Risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (a rare condition) if the patient has severe kidney disease.
• Temporary discomfort from lying still or the IV injection.

Benefits

• Provides detailed images of blood vessels without invasive surgery.
• Helps detect and diagnose vascular conditions early.
• No exposure to ionizing radiation, unlike traditional X-rays or CT scans.
• Precise imaging can guide treatments and interventions.

Recovery

• Typically no recovery time required; the patient can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• If contrast material is used, drink plenty of fluids to help flush it from the body.
• Follow any additional instructions given by the healthcare provider.

Alternatives

• CT Angiography (CTA): Involves the use of ionizing radiation and contrast material, quicker but with radiation exposure.
• Conventional Angiography: More invasive, involves catheter insertion into blood vessels, and requires contrast dye.
• Ultrasound: Less detailed for chest vessels but useful for certain vascular assessments.

Patient Experience

• The patient may hear loud noises from the MRI machine; earplugs or headphones are typically provided.
• If contrast is used, a warm sensation or metallic taste may occur briefly.
• Lying still for the duration can be uncomfortable, but communication with the technologist is maintained for reassurance.
• Overall, the procedure is generally well-tolerated with minimal discomfort.