Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the Neck; without Contrast Material(s)

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the neck is a non-invasive imaging procedure that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of blood vessels in the neck. This particular type of MRA does not involve injecting contrast material, making it a safer option for patients with kidney issues or contrast allergies.

Purpose

The MRA of the neck is primarily used to assess blood flow and identify abnormalities in the carotid arteries and other blood vessels within the neck. The main goals are to detect blockages, aneurysms, or malformations that might contribute to conditions such as stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).

Indications

• Stroke or TIA symptoms
• Carotid artery disease
• Suspected vascular malformations
• Follow-up on previously identified vascular conditions
• Symptoms like dizziness, severe headaches, or vision issues possibly related to vascular problems

Preparation

• Patients may be advised to remove any metallic objects, as these can interfere with the MRI.
• Normally, no fasting is required.
• Patients should inform their doctor if they have any metallic implants or devices like pacemakers.
• Pre-procedure tests might include a detailed medical history and physical examination.

Procedure Description

1. Patient Positioning: The patient lies on a movable examination table.
2. Imaging: The table slides into the MRI scanner, which is a large tunnel-like machine.
3. Magnetic Fields and Radio Waves: These are used to capture images of the neck’s blood vessels.
4. Breath-Holding: Occasionally, the patient may be instructed to hold their breath for short periods to reduce image blurring.

No contrast material is injected for this procedure. There is also no need for anesthesia or sedation.

Duration

The procedure typically takes between 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• MRI Technologist
• Nursing staff, if needed

Risks and Complications

• Minor risk of feeling claustrophobic due to the enclosed MRI scanner
• Uncommon risk of allergic reaction to materials in the MRI environment
• Mild discomfort from lying still for an extended period

Benefits

• Non-invasive with no exposure to ionizing radiation
• Detailed images of blood vessels help in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning
• Safe for patients with kidney issues or allergies to contrast dye

Recovery

• Patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• Post-procedure instructions are minimal and typically involve receiving the results from their healthcare provider.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss the findings and next steps.

Alternatives

• Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) with contrast
• Doppler Ultrasound
• Conventional angiogram
• Each alternative has its own pros and cons, such as exposure to radiation with CTA and lesser detail with ultrasound.

Patient Experience

• The patient might feel slight discomfort from lying still.
• The machine noises can be managed with earplugs or headphones.
• Generally, pain-free and most patients tolerate the procedure well.
• Comfort measures, such as light sedation for those with severe claustrophobia, may be arranged if needed.