Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Angiography, head; without contrast material(s) (MRA)

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to visualize blood vessels in the head without the use of contrast materials. The procedure relies on magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of blood vessels, aiding in the diagnosis of vascular conditions.

Purpose

MRA of the head is utilized to detect abnormalities in the blood vessels, such as aneurysms, arterial blockages, or other vascular conditions. The goal is to provide a clear image of the blood vessels to aid in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning without the need for contrast agents.

Indications

• Suspected aneurysms or vascular malformations
• Arterial blockages or narrowing (stenosis)
• Symptoms like severe headaches, dizziness, or neurological deficits
• History of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
• Monitoring known vascular conditions

Preparation

• Removal of all metal objects (e.g., jewelry, watches) to avoid interference with the magnetic field
• Informing the medical team about any implants or medical devices
• No fasting or medication adjustments typically required

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an examination table, which slides into the MRI machine.
2. The technician ensures proper positioning and provides a communication device.
3. The MRI machine generates a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images.
4. Instructions are given to the patient to remain still and breathe normally.
5. No anesthesia or sedation is usually required.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

MRA is usually performed in a hospital or outpatient imaging center equipped with MRI technology.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• MRI Technician
• Referring Physician

Risks and Complications

• Claustrophobia due to the enclosed space of the MRI machine
• Discomfort from lying still for an extended period
• Rarely, interference with metal implants or medical devices

Benefits

• Non-invasive and does not require contrast agents
• High-resolution images aid in accurate diagnosis
• No radiation exposure
• Quick recovery, with no downtime

Recovery

• Post-procedure, the patient can resume normal activities immediately
• No specific recovery instructions needed
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled based on findings

Alternatives

• CT Angiography (CTA) with or without contrast
  • Pros: Faster procedure, widely available
  • Cons: Radiation exposure, potential contrast-related risks
• Doppler Ultrasound
  • Pros: Non-invasive, no radiation or contrast required
  • Cons: Limited detail compared to MRA

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient might hear loud noises from the MRI machine, which ear protection is provided to mitigate. Some may feel discomfort from staying still, but generally there is no pain. Post-procedure, the patient can expect to return to normal daily activities immediately.