Name of the Procedure:

Endometrial Sampling (Biopsy) with or without Endocervical Sampling (Biopsy), without Cervical Dilation, any method (Separate Procedure).

Summary

Endometrial sampling, also known as an endometrial biopsy, is a procedure where a small sample of the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is taken for examination. This procedure can also include taking a sample from the cervix (endocervical biopsy) if necessary. The procedure is done without dilating the cervix and can be performed using various methods.

Purpose

Endometrial sampling is used to diagnose conditions affecting the uterine lining. It helps identify the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, investigate infertility issues, and detect precancerous or cancerous cells in the endometrium. The goal is to provide a definitive diagnosis, which can guide appropriate treatment plans.

Indications

• Abnormal uterine bleeding
• Postmenopausal bleeding
• Irregular menstrual cycles
• Infertility assessment
• Hormonal imbalance evaluation
• Suspected endometrial hyperplasia or cancer

Preparation

• No specific fasting required.
• Patients may be advised to avoid certain medications, like blood thinners, before the procedure.
• A pregnancy test may be performed to ensure the patient is not pregnant.
• Inform the doctor of any allergies or medical conditions.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies in a lithotomy position (legs in stirrups).
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix.
3. The cervix and vagina are cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
4. A thin, flexible tube (pipelle) or other suitable instrument is inserted through the cervix without dilation.
5. A sample of the endometrial tissue is gently scraped or suctioned.
6. If an endocervical biopsy is needed, a similar method is used to collect a sample from the cervical canal.
7. The samples are sent to a lab for histological examination.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes about 10-15 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in an outpatient clinic or a doctor's office.

Personnel

• Gynecologist or trained healthcare provider
• Medical assistant or nurse

Risks and Complications

• Mild cramping or discomfort during and after the procedure
• Light spotting or bleeding
• Infection (rare)
• Uterine perforation (very rare)

Benefits

• Provides crucial diagnostic information
• Can lead to early detection and treatment of endometrial diseases
• Minimally invasive with a quick recovery

Recovery

• Mild cramping or spotting may be experienced for a few hours or days.
• Over-the-counter pain relief can be used for discomfort.
• Avoid douching, sexual intercourse, and tampon use for a few days to reduce infection risk.
• Follow-up appointment to discuss results usually occurs within a week or two.

Alternatives

• Transvaginal ultrasound for initial assessment, though it provides indirect information
• Dilatation and Curettage (D&C), a more invasive procedure requiring cervical dilation
• Hysteroscopy, a procedure that allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity

Patient Experience

• Patients may feel mild to moderate cramping during the sample collection.
• Comfort measures include deep breathing and relaxation techniques.
• Communication with the healthcare provider can help manage anxiety and discomfort.