Name of the Procedure:

Colposcopy of the cervix including upper/adjacent vagina; with biopsy(s) of the cervix and endocervical curettage

Summary

A colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure where a specialized instrument called a colposcope is used to examine the cervix and the adjacent vaginal areas. During this procedure, biopsies (small tissue samples) are taken from the cervix, and the lining of the cervical canal is scraped (endocervical curettage) for further examination.

Purpose

This procedure is primarily used to investigate abnormal results from a Pap smear, to detect precancerous conditions, cervical cancer, and other abnormalities. The goal is to diagnose any irregularities early so that timely and effective treatment can be provided.

Indications

• Abnormal Pap smear results
• Presence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding
• Suspicious cervical lesions identified through other diagnostic methods

Preparation

• Abstain from vaginal intercourse, douching, and using vaginal medications for 24-48 hours prior to the procedure.
• Inform your healthcare provider of any medications you're taking, allergies, or if you are pregnant.
• You may be advised to take an over-the-counter pain reliever before the procedure to minimize discomfort.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an examination table with legs placed in stirrups.
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to view the cervix.
3. The colposcope, a magnifying instrument, is positioned just outside the vagina to illuminate and magnify the cervical area.
4. A special solution is applied to the cervix to highlight abnormal cells.
5. Biopsy forceps are used to take small samples of tissue from the cervix.
6. Endocervical curettage involves scraping the lining of the endocervical canal using a curette.
7. Tissue samples are sent to a laboratory for histopathological examination.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 10-20 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a healthcare provider's office, outpatient clinic, or hospital setting.

Personnel

• Gynecologist or trained healthcare provider
• Nurse or medical assistant
• Pathologist (for tissue examination)

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or cramping during the procedure
• Light bleeding or spotting for a few days after
• Infection (rare)
• Vaginal discharge

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of cervical abnormalities
• Early detection of precancerous or cancerous conditions
• Appropriate treatment planning based on biopsy results

Recovery

• Patients can generally resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Use sanitary pads for post-procedure spotting or bleeding; avoid tampons.
• Refrain from vaginal intercourse, douching, and using vaginal medications for a few days.
• Follow-up appointment to discuss biopsy results and further steps if necessary.

Alternatives

• Repeat Pap smear
• High-risk HPV testing
• Watchful waiting with regular monitoring
• The choice of an alternative depends on the initial findings and patient health status.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients may feel discomfort or cramping, similar to menstrual cramps. Afterward, mild spotting or discharge is common. Pain is generally minimal, and over-the-counter pain relief can help manage any discomfort.

Following the procedure, patients should follow the care instructions provided by their healthcare provider to ensure proper healing and avoid complications. A follow-up appointment will typically be scheduled to discuss biopsy results and further management.