Name of the Procedure:

Colposcopy with Loop Electrode Conization of the Cervix
Common Name(s): Colposcopy with LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure)

Summary

Colposcopy with loop electrode conization is a procedure in which a special magnifying instrument (colposcope) is used to closely examine the cervix, and a heated wire loop is used to remove a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix.

Purpose

The procedure is intended to diagnose and treat abnormal or precancerous conditions of the cervix. It can help ensure that any abnormal cells are removed to prevent cervical cancer.

Indications

• Abnormal Pap smear results.
• Diagnosis of cervical dysplasia or precancerous changes.
• Unexplained bleeding from the cervix or vagina.

Preparation

• Avoid intercourse, douching, or using vaginal medications 24-48 hours before the procedure.
• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or on blood-thinning medications.
• Follow any fasting or medication adjustment instructions given by your healthcare provider.
• A colposcopy and biopsy may be performed beforehand to assess the cervix's condition.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an examination table with their feet in stirrups.
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to hold it open.
3. The colposcope is positioned outside the vagina to visualize the cervix under high magnification.
4. A solution may be applied to the cervix to highlight abnormal areas.
5. A wire loop heated by an electric current is used to remove a cone-shaped section of abnormal tissue from the cervix.
6. The removed tissue is sent to the lab for further examination.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30-45 minutes.

Setting

Usually performed in an outpatient clinic, gynecologist's office, or surgical center.

Personnel

• Gynecologist or specially trained physician
• Nurse or medical assistant
• Anesthesiologist (if sedation is used)

Risks and Complications

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Cervical stenosis (narrowing of the cervical canal)
• Incomplete removal of abnormal tissue, requiring further treatment
• Potential impacts on future pregnancies (e.g., cervical incompetence)

Benefits

• Removes abnormal or precancerous cells, reducing the risk of cervical cancer.
• Provides a more accurate diagnosis through tissue analysis.
• Can often be done in a single visit with minimal discomfort.

Recovery

• Mild cramping and spotting may occur for a few days post-procedure.
• Avoid intercourse, tampons, and douching for 2-4 weeks.
• Follow-up appointments are necessary to ensure proper healing and monitor for any recurrence of abnormal cells.

Alternatives

• Cryotherapy (freezing abnormal cells)
• Laser ablation
• Traditional conization (using a surgical scalpel)
• Each alternative has its own pros and cons which should be discussed with your physician.

Patient Experience

Patients might feel discomfort or mild cramping similar to menstrual cramps during and after the procedure. Local anesthesia is typically used to minimize pain. Over-the-counter pain relief, like ibuprofen, can help manage any discomfort during recovery.