Name of the Procedure:

Laryngoscopy direct, with or without tracheoscopy; with dilation, subsequent

Summary

A laryngoscopy is a medical procedure where a doctor uses a laryngoscope to look directly at the voice box (larynx) and, if needed, the trachea (windpipe). This particular procedure includes the dilation of the airway in cases where initial treatments have already been done and further dilation is necessary.

Purpose

The procedure helps to diagnose and treat narrowing (stenosis) or blockage in the airway, ensuring proper breathing and vocal function. The goals are to open up the airway, relieve symptoms, and prevent future blockages.

Indications

• Persistent or progressive difficulty breathing
• Voice changes or hoarseness
• Stridor (a high-pitched, wheezing sound)
• Airway stenosis or narrowing detected in previous examinations.

Preparation

• The patient might need to fast for 6-8 hours before the procedure.
• Avoid certain medications, especially blood thinners, as advised by the doctor.
• Pre-procedure diagnostic tests like chest X-rays or CT scans may be required.

Procedure Description

1. The patient receives local or general anesthesia for comfort.
2. The laryngoscope is carefully inserted through the mouth and down the throat to visualize the larynx and trachea.
3. Dilators are used to widen the narrowed sections of the airway.
4. The doctor may use additional tools or techniques, such as balloon dilation or stents, to keep the airway open.
5. The laryngoscope is withdrawn, and the patient is monitored for any immediate complications.

Duration

The procedure typically lasts between 30 minutes to 1 hour, depending on the complexity.

Setting

• Performed in a hospital operating room or an outpatient surgical center.

Personnel

• Otolaryngologist (ENT surgeon)
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical nurses
• Support staff

Risks and Complications

• Soreness or pain in the throat
• Temporary hoarseness or voice changes
• Bleeding or infection
• Rare risks include airway injury or aspiration.

Benefits

• Improved breathing and relief from symptoms
• Enhanced voice quality
• Prevention of airway blockages
• Patients typically notice improvements shortly after the procedure.

Recovery

• Observation for a few hours after the procedure
• Instructions on throat care, including avoiding heavy speaking or loud noises for a few days
• Anticipate mild throat discomfort and hoarseness
• Follow-up appointments to monitor airway status

Alternatives

• Conservative treatments like medication or voice therapy
• Less invasive procedures if the airway narrowing is mild
• Surgery for more severe cases

Patient Experience

Patients might experience mild discomfort and soreness in the throat after the procedure. Anesthesia ensures that there is no pain during the procedure itself. Post-procedure pain is usually manageable with over-the-counter pain relievers, and most people recover quickly and return to normal activities within a few days.